定语从句的关系
定语从句的关系是什么呢?我们不妨一起来看看吧!以下是小编为您搜集整理提供到的定语从句的关系内容,希望对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读参考学习!
定语从句的关系
五组易混关系代词用法辨析
只用that不用which的情况
先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时。如:I refuse to accept the blame for something that was his fault.
先行词被the only,any,few,no,very等修饰时。如:Australia is the only country that is also a continent.
先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词,或被形容词的最高级、序数词修饰时。如:This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
先行词人、物并用时。如:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。如:Which is the bike that you lost?
先行词在主句中作表语, 而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。如:Shandong is no longer the province that it used to be.
只用which不用that的情况
关系代词前有介词时。如:Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born?
引導非限制性定语从句时。如:As a child, Jack studied in a village school, which is named after his grandfather.
先行词为that/those时。如:What’s that which was put in the car?
which用作定语时。如:He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.
the same ... as ... 与the same ... that ...
the same ... as表示相似或同类的东西,the same ... that表示同一人或物。如:
This is the same book as he lent me last week.
This is the same book that he lent me last week.
such/so ... as与such/so ... that
such/so ... as (定语从句)像……那样
such/so ... that (状语从句)如此……以至于
This is such an easy question as I can answer.
This is such an easy question that I can answer it.
as与which
as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前, 也可以放在主句后, 有时还可插入主句中。which引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后。
as意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多用see,know,expect,say,mention,report等; which意为“这一点”或“这件事”等。
He is a very successful man, as is known to all.
The meeting was put off, which astonished us.
常考的关系代词who, whom, whose
用who和whom的情况
先行词为one,ones,anyone,those,且指代人时。如:
The persons I want to talk about with you are Faye Wong and Li Yapeng, the ones who signed a divorce agreement on Friday in Urumqi.
在there be结构中, 修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who指代人。如:There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.
一个句子中带有两个修饰人的定语从句, 其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重复。如:The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.
当关系代词前面有介词,只能用whom。whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前以构成“介词+whom(先行词指人)”结构。如:The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
whose的用法
关系代词whose一般指人,表示“该人的”,也可指物,表示“该物的”,在以物为先行词时,可用of which代替在从句中作定语。如:Theprize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination.
注意:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。如:
Tom is one of the engineers who are sent abroad.
Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution.
[关系副词when, where, why]
when的用法
先行词为“时间名词”,可用when引导定语从句,when在定语从句中作状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。如:The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
where的用法
先行词是“地点名词”,定语从句可用where引导,where在从句中作状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。如:A bank is the place where(=in which) they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
定語从句如果修饰point,situation,part,condition和 case等表示抽象意义的词,常用where引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在某种境况下”。如:You reach a point where medicine can’t help.
why的用法
先行词是表示原因的名词reason时,可以用why引导定语从句,why在其中作原因状语,可用for which替代。可以把此时的句子牢记为一个固定句型,即The reason why ... is/was that ...,意为“……的原因是……”。如:The reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.
[选择关系代词/副词的原则]
在选择关系词时,最重要的是分析定语从句所缺的.成分。若从句缺主语、宾语、定语或表语,那么必须用关系代词;若从句不缺主语、宾语、定语或表语,那么必须用关系副词。
This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year. (关系词在从句中作宾语)
I will never forget the day when my father returned from America. (关系词在从句中作状语)
先行词是表示方法、方式的way,后面的定语从句缺方式状语时可以用that或in which引导,也可以省略关系词。如果后面的定语从句中缺少宾语,要用that或which引导,也可以省略关系词。如:
I don’t like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother.
例1 (2015·湖南卷) It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A. as B. where C. that D. which
解析 D。此句是非限制性定语从句,先行词place在定语从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首,故选用which。句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,这里蜿蜒的小路和美丽的村舍一定和一百年前看起来一模一样。
例2 (2015·北京卷) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析 D。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church,从句主谓宾成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推断出引导词在从句中作地点状语,用where。句意:对面是圣保罗教堂,在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。
点拨 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。做题之前先看句中有没有逗号,逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成分,在定语从句中从句主语和宾语都不缺少时,应该考虑关系副词。
-
大班幼儿园秋游活动方案(通用13篇)
为了确保活动科学有序进行,预先制定活动方案是必不可少的,活动方案其实就是针对活动相关的因素所制定的书面计划。那么什么样的活动方案才是好的呢?以下是小编精心整理的大班幼儿园秋游活动方案,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。大班幼儿园秋游活动方案篇1一、活动目...
-
试卷分析政治自我反思(精选8篇)
随着社会一步步向前发展,我们要在课堂教学中快速成长,反思过往之事,活在当下之时。那么问题来了,反思应该怎么写?以下是小编为大家收集的试卷分析政治自我反思(精选8篇),欢迎阅读与收藏。试卷分析政治自我反思篇1这次政治期中考试,6个班的平均分比较接近,平均分最高的班...
-
教师职业体验社会实践报告(通用8篇)
难忘的社会实践结束了,你收获了什么?此时此刻我们需要做一个实践报告。你想知道实践报告怎么写吗?下面是小编整理的教师职业体验社会实践报告,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。教师职业体验社会实践报告篇1作为一名大学生,最终是要走出校园,走入社会的。参加社会实践活动...
-
语文二年级下册教学设计(精选22篇)
作为一名辛苦耕耘的教育工作者,往往需要进行教学设计编写工作,借助教学设计可以促进我们快速成长,使教学工作更加科学化。怎样写教学设计才更能起到其作用呢?下面是小编精心整理的语文二年级下册教学设计(精选22篇),仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。语文二年级下册教学设计篇1...