定语从句关系副词例句
定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,所以叫做定语从句。接下来要给大家推荐的是定语从句关系副词例句,欢迎阅读以及参考!
定语从句关系副词例句
一、基本概念:
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如:
Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?
That is the house where he lived ten years ago.
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which;
关系副词有:when, where, why.
二、关系词的用法:
(一)关系代词的`用法:
1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如:
He is the man who/that lives next door.
The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.
2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如:
The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.
Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?
注:在非正式文体中,用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略,但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略,但在正式文体中一般不省略。
3. 作定语用whose, 如:
(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.
(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.
注:“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如上a句),又能作宾语(如上b句)。whose 的先行词常用来指人,但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念,这时可以与of which 结构互换,词序是:“名词+of which”,如:
They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which)
He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name)
4. 作表语只用that ,它既可以指人,也可以指物,但时常省略。如:
He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.
(二)关系副词的用法:
指时间,在从句中作时间状语,它的先行词通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如:
I still remember the time when I first became a college student.
Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?
注:when时常可以省略,特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如:
Each time he came, he did his best to help us.
But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.
e指地点,在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有:place, spot, street, house, room,
city, town, country等,如:
This is the hotel where they are staying.
I forget the house where the Smiths lived.
注:where有时也可以省略。如:
This is the place (where) we met yesterday.
3. why指原因或理由,它的先行词只有reason。如:
That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.
注:why时常也可以省略。如:
That is the real reason he did it.
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点:
1. 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构:
when = on (in, at, during…) + which;
where = in (at, on…) + which;
why = for which. 如:
I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.
The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.
This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.
2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时,关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时,才能用when或where,试比较:
I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.
His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.
3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。
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