中国独特概念词的英语翻译

八股文 eight-legged essays

八卦 trigram

八正道 Eightfold Path

本命年 this animal year of sb.

冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)

不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

禅 dhyana; dhgaya

禅宗 Zen Buddhism

处世之道 philosophy of life

大锅饭 communal pot

大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done

大陆中国 Mainland China

道 Dao（cf. logo）

道 Daoism（Taoism）

道 Daosim, the way and its power

端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness

功夫 kungfu ；kung fu

关系户 closely-related units

关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild

锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)

合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

黑心棉 shoddy cotton

红宝书 little red book

红色中国 socialist China

红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology

还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

婚介所 matrimonial agency

婚纱摄影 bride photo

婚外恋 extramarital love

混沌 chaos

机器阅卷 machine scoring

基层监督 grass-roots supervision

基础税率 base tariff level

即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

家长 family head

家政服务 household management service

甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team

价格听证会 public price hearings

假帐 accounting fraud

渐进式独立 gradual waiwa independence

江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）

矫情 use lame arguments

叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel

借调 temporarily transfer

噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt

开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）

空 sunyata

孔子Confucius

叩头 kowtow

扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption

扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.

乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge

牌楼 pailou；pai-loo

泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

儒学 Confucianism

三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded

上火 excessive internal heat

世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)

四谛 Four Noble Truth

四化 Four Modernizations

四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post

脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

外出打工人员 migrant workers

无常 anity

无我 anatman

五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity

五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals

五行说 Theory of Five Elements

武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）

相声 cross-talk

小品 witty skits

孝顺 to show filial obedience

孝子dutiful son

虚无 nothingness

宣纸 rice paper

衙门 yamen

养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

夜猫子 night people; night-owls

阴、阳 yin, yang

姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）

治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline

中和 harmony (zhonghe)

中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）

终生职业 job-for-life

坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation

新兴事物 Newly Sprouted Things

中国电信 China Telecom

中国移动 China Mobile

十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

中国电脑联网 Chinanet

三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

希望工程 Project Hope

京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway

扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

安居工程 Economy Housing Project

扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign

西部大开发 Go-West Campaign