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　　Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan1 has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over-tired drivers off the road. The car’s sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver’s sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors arc fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver’s palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection system. For example, Sweden’s Volvo2 has developed a breathalyzer attached to car’s seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan’s new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest3.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection system should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. “For example, if t he gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver. the facial recognition system would still be used,” Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the numher of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car’s seat helt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. “If you drink one beer, it’s going to register, so we need to study what’s the appropriate level for the system to activate,” he says.

In the UK4, some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.

词汇: breathalyzer /5breWElaizE/n. 呼气酒精检测器 gear-shift knob换档把手 sensor /5sensE/n. 传感器 bypass /5baIpB:s/v.绕过 alert /E5lE:t/adj.警惕的 facial /5feiFEl/adj.面部的' alertness / E5lE:tniz/n.警报 fatality /fE5tAliti/n.死亡事故 dashboard /5dAF7bC:d/n.仪表板，挡泥板 tighten /5taitEn/v.绑紧 perspiration /7pE:spE5reiFEn/n.排汗 drowsiness /5drauziniz/n.昏昏欲睡 odor /5EudE/n.气味 activate /5Aktiveit/v.使活动、使激活ignition /i^5niFEn/n.点火注释:

　　Japanese company Nissan日本日产公司

Sweden’s Volvo:瑞典的沃尔沃公司 pull over and rest: (把车)开到路边休息

UK:大不列颠和北爱尔兰联合王国 (United Kingdom)的缩写。United Kingdom的缩写: 联合王国 .英国。练习:

1. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept car? A It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk. B It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car. C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system. D It has a breathalyzer-like detection system.

2. What has Volvo developed? A The same detection system mentioned in t he previous paragraph. B A breathalyzer attached to a car’s seat belt. C A smart car scat belt. D An intelligent engine.

3. What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4? A It monitors the driver’s eyes to sec if he needs a rest. B It judges if the driver wants to pull over. C It judges if the driver wants to take a rest. D It issues an alarm when the driver speaks.

4. According to Doi, A the overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improved. B Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system. C it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection system. D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.

5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6? A An external camera checks that the car is going properly. B The car will automatically keep to its lane. C The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy. D The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.

　　答案与题解 :

1. C 选项 A、B、D所述内容都可在短文的第一、第二段中找到。第二段昀后一个句子告诉我们，传感器装在司机和乘客的座椅里，而不是在点火系统里，所以选择 C。

2. B 短文第三段告诉我们，沃尔沃公司也发明了一种相类似的酒精检测装置，安装在保险带上，所以 B是正确选择。

3. A 第四段描写了安装在概念车仪表板上的照相机的功能。相机跟踪司机的眼睛的活动，从而监测司机是否保持清醒状态，如果发现司机需要停车休息，使用英语或日语发出警告。所以除 A以外，其他选择都不正确。

4. D 短文第五段说，这种监测技术仍然在发展之中，使用不同的监测系统应能改进这项技术的整体有效性，所以 A和 C都不是正确选择。该段的统后一句说，日产公司并不准备将这种监测系统推向市场，但它的目标是使用这种技术到 2015年将日产车的事故率年减少到 1995年的一半。所以 B也不是正确选择，只有 D表达了 Doi的意思。

5. B选项 A、C、D在短文第六段部能战到，但是却找不到选项 B所表达的意思。