2015年12月四六级翻译题中国特色词汇

　　【特有的一些汉语词汇】

禅宗ZenBuddhism

禅dhyana; dhgaya

混沌chaos

四谛FourNoble Truth

八正道EightfoldPath

无常anity

五行说Theoryof Five Elements

无我anatman

坐禅metta;transcendentalmeditation

空sunyata

虚无nothingness

双喜doublehappiness(中)，adoubled stroke of luck(英)

小品wittyskits

相声cross-talk

噱头;掉包袱gimmick,stunt

夜猫子nightpeople; night-owls

本命年thisanimal year of sb.

处世之道philosophyof life

姻缘yinyuan(prefixedfate of marriage)

还愿redeema wish (vows)

　　【中国古代独特事物 (Unique Ancient Chinese Items)】

宣纸 ricepaper

衙门yamen

叩头kowtow

孔子Confucius

牌楼pailou; pai-loo

武术wushu (Chinese Martial Arts)

功夫kungfu ;kung fu

中庸 theway of medium (cf. Golden Means)

中和harmony (zhonghe)

孝顺 toshow filial obedience

孝子dutiful son

家长family head

八股文eight-legged essays

多子多福：Themore sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness

养儿防老：raisingsons to support one in one’s old age

　　【见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译】

基层监督grass-rootssupervision

基础税率basetariff level

婚介所matrimonialagency

婚外恋extramaritallove

婚纱摄影bridephoto

黑心棉shoddycotton

机器阅卷machinescoring

即开型奖券scratch-openticket/lottery

价格听证会publicp 基层监督grass-rootssupervision

基础税率basetariff level

婚介所matrimonialagency

婚外恋extramaritallove

婚纱摄影bridephoto

黑心棉shoddycotton

机器阅卷machinescoring

即开型奖券scratch-openticket/lottery

价格听证会publicprice hearings

甲A球队DivisionA Soccer Team

家政服务householdmanagement service

假帐accountingfraud rice hearings

甲A球队DivisionA Soccer Team

家政服务householdmanagement service

假帐accountingfraud

叫板challenge;pick a quarrel

矫情uselame arguments

渐进式x独gradualTaiwan independence

借调temporarilytransfer

扩大中等收入者比重Raisethe proportion of the middle-income group.

扩大内需，刺激消费expanddomestic demand and consumption

集中精力把经济建设搞上去goall out for economic development

加强舆论监督ensurethe correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

　　【具有文化特色的现代表述】

大陆中国Mainland China

红宝书little red book

红色中国socialist China

四化 FourModernizations

终生职业job-for-life

铁饭碗 ironrice bowl

大锅饭communal pot

关系户closely-related units

外出打工人员migrant workers

关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild

五讲：theFive Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and moral (讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)

四美： theFour Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and greenenvironment (心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)