2015年职称英语《理工类》考试真题

单项选择题

1、 In the situation comedy, a traditional format for television shows, the same characters appear repeatedly in humorous episodes.

ectively

n and again

ltaneously

fly

2、 Knowing that I had been out of work now, they were unwilling to lend me money.

ppy

y

ared

ctant

3、根据下列材料，请回答题

Science and Technology

There is a difference between science and technology. _______(46) Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. _______ (47)

Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things.

_______ (48) But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic (超音速的) aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. _______ (49) The purpose of technology is to serve people-people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.

_______ (50) Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion (枯竭) and even social decay in general--so much so that the promise of technology is "obscured". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?

回答(46)题

her distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.

ke science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.

scientists discover may shock or anger people--as did Darwin's theory of evolution.

nce and technology are different.

are all familiar with the improper use of technology.

nce is a method of answering theoretical questions ; technology is a method of solving practical problems.

4、 If no one objects, Mr. ben will be the next chairman.

grees

oves

cts

ses

5、 It is advisable to wear sunscreen when out in the sun.

ible

itable

ible

6、A the flats in the building had the same layout.

r

ngement

tion

7、The photograph evoked strong memories of our holidays in France.

eshed

ed

ked

ed

8、 根据以下材料回答题：

Microelectronics Revolution

The 1980s are likely to be considered as a more than somewhat interesting decade for the United Kingdom and indeed for other industrialized countries. The political, social and economic autonomic reflexes in operation for the greater part of this century will have to give way to the new as conditions change. Paramount amongst these changes is the advent of microelectronics with their ability to increase productivity and the end of cheap, easily manipulated sources of energy. Together these will undoubtedly change the pattern of industrialization and industrialized life in a radical manner not seen in the UK since the early 19th century.

Most technological changes are somewhat less than fundamental. Many act on an individual process of industry and so their effects on the general economy can be boxed off. Others act on the demand side with new products, often for new markets. Microelectronics, though, are different. It is difficult to think of parts of the economy on which they will not have an impact; it is especially very difficult to think of the many new consumer products that will evolve. It is already being used, in productive processes through robotics, in production planning through cheap computers, as cheap and easy to maintain components, and through telecommunications, teletext systems and word processing to provide, transmit and store information.

The resulting large increases in productivity will mean that increased levels of output will be produced using fewer resources of manpower, raw materials and energy. On the face of it this has to be a good thing, it opens vistas that were previously closed. The cost, however, is measured in terms of the resulting job losses, job changes and lack of new jobs. If we sit back and allow the market to work allocating wealth and jobs-in other words-continue as we are at present, either the technologies will not be introduced at all or there will be social confrontation on a massive scale.

This new technology improves productivity at precisely the time world trade growth is declining, and this is likely to diminish even further given the responses to the shortage of energy sources. This will almost certainly mean that our ability to supply will outstrip (超过 ) our ability to demand, giving a classic high unemployment.

The most important changes in the 1980s__________

affecting individual industries

not evident in the UK

ern microelectronics and energy

being caused by changes of attitudes

9、 Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday

ng to find

ng to read

ng to buy

ng to borrow

10、根据以下材料回答题：

The Mir Space Station

The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.

The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to162 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each2. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles.

The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.

A debate continues over Mir's contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and earned scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations.3 Experiments on Mir arc credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favoring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid4, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.

Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir, In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures.

Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir's reputation as a space station was ruined.

Mir's setbacks arc nothing, though5, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it's time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.

We can learn from the passage that the Mir Space Station__________

designed to last over 5 years

ed host to 7 astronauts from different countries

visited only by Americans

built by Russians