2015年职称英语考试真题及答案理工类C阅读理解

2017年职称英语考试复习已经开始，为了让大家了解职称英语考试难易程度，下面yjbys网小编为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是2015年职称英语考试真题及答案理工类C级阅读理解部分。

第四部分：阅读理解

　　第一篇

　　Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?

When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.

Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.

Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.

Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.

Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.

31.【题干】What is the main idea of this passage? 文章的主旨是

ers are changing the way they grow coffee. 农民正改变他们种咖啡的方式

ee is becoming more expensive to produce. 种植咖啡越来越贵

e-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee. 蔽光生长的咖啡比向光生长的咖啡贵

le should buy shade-grown coffee. 人们应该买蔽光生长的咖啡

32.【题干】The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show_____. 段落2中的traditionally 作用是来显示

positive effects of coffee. 咖啡的积极作用

B.a change of coffee growth. 咖啡种植的变化

thing that is the most important. 最重要的.事情

coffee production used to be. 咖啡生产过去如何

33.【题干】What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?

【选项】阳光充足的咖啡增加的产量带来什么?

insects.更多的昆虫

er quality coffee.质量更好的咖啡

er farms. 更大的农场

er profits. 更高利润

34.【题干】How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?

【选项】农民如何找更多的土地来种植阳光充足的咖啡

buy more land from other farmers.

cut down trees.

move to another country.

turn grassland into farmland.

35.【题干】The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_____ full sun 方式可能影响以下....

cts.昆虫

.空气

s.鸟

ns人类

　　第二篇：

　　Soot(煤烟灰)and Snow: a Hot Combination

New reasearch from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot after the way sunlight reflects off snow. According to a computer simulation, black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.

Soot in the higher latitudes(维度)of the Earth, where ice is more common, absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy, white background. Dark-colored black carbon, or soot, absorbs sunlight, while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.

Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change. Also, if snow and ice covered areas begin melting, the warming effect increase, as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface."This provides a positive feedback, as glaciers and ice sheets melt, they tend to get even dirtier." said Dr. James Hansen, a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York.

Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo(反照率), which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere, such as thinninbg Arctic sea ice and melting glaciers permafrost. Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land.

"Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space, thus heading the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon, " Hansen said. Soot's increased absorption of solar energy is especially effecntive in warming the world's climate." This forcing is unusually effective, causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude." Hansen noted.

Hansen cautioned, although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial, it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century. Such gases are expected to bi the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.

The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hermisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes. These observations were coherent with the researchers' climate model situations, which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

36.【题干】Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true?

absorbs sun's heat.

is responsible for climate change.

reflects sunlight.

may account for a quarter of global warming over the past century.

37.【题干】Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?

sea areas.

s with black carbon.

s covered with white snow.

ing glaciers.

38.【题干】"This forcing" in Paragraph 5 refers to?

's heating on snow surface.

's increased absorption of solar energy.

on-dioxide's warming effect.

's increased reflection of sunlight.

39.【题干】What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century?

.

.

nhouse gases.

.

40.【题干】The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemisphere with

A.X sea ice and insufficient sunlight.

t snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

y snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

k sea ice and insufficient sunlight.

　　第三篇

　　A Record-Breaking Rover

NASA’s Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004, Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles, more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another&nnbsp;world.

On July 27, after years of moving about on Martian ground, the golf-cart-sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles, beating the previous record holder—a Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973.

“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,” says John Callas, the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.

He works at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. “But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up, but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”

OPPORTUNITY

The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover, Spirit, landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life，such as the possible presence of water.

Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010, a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.

During its mission, Opportunity has captured, and sent back to Earth, some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet’s atmosphere, soil, rocks, and terrain.

MARATHON ROVER

The rover doesn’t seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on, it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Scientists call this site Marathon Valley, because when the rover reaches the area, it will have traveled the same distance as the length of a marathon since its arrival on Mars.

Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars’s ancient environment1. Opportunity’s continuing travels will also help researchers as they plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet.

参考答案：

阅读理解：31-35、BCACD　36-40、CBBCC　41-45、BDDC(缺)