英语语法经典例题 ：动词用法与辨析

英语语法经典例题800例：动词用法与辨析（测试题及详解）

【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

1. We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.

A. spare B. be spared

C. share D. be shared

2. He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he’s _____ read.

A. to be, ever B. to be, never

C. as, ever D. as, never

3. “Did you get a job?” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”

A. expected B. tried to

C. managed to D. planned

4. “Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years?” “Yes, I see.”

A. has become B. has turned

C. has changed D. has been

5. The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.

A. matters B. cares

C. considers D. minds

6. I don’t want the green coat. It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.

A. suit B. fit

C. suits D. fits

7. “Will another fifty be enough?” “Just twenty will ______.”

A. work B. do

C. suit D. fit

8. Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.

A. send B. lead

C. drive D. show

9. This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.

A. got B. gained

C. seen D. caught

10. We haven’t enough books for everyone; some of you will have to _____.

A. help B. enjoy

C. share D. spare

11. He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.

A. answered B. received

C. accepted D. agreed

答案请看第三页

12. My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.

A. done B. seen

C. finished D. realized

13. The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____?

A. work B. pass

C. agree D. does

14. What’s the matter with the radio? Why isn’t it _____?

A. broadcasting B. working

C. doing D. sounding

15. High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.

A. spends B. takes

C. uses D. costs

16. It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.

A. sink B. swim

C. jump D. struggle

17. She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.

A. passed B. recognized

C. missed D. lost

18. I missed what was happening because I wasn’t ______ very closely.

A. noticing B. running

C. watching D. glancing

19. If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.

A. save B. share

C. serve D. help

20. Don’t _______ your breath trying to persuade them; they’ll never listen.

A. use B. waste

C. spend D. put

21. He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.

A. expects B. hopes

C. wishes D. requires

22. He will never ______ anything if he doesn’t work hard.

A. hope B. wish

C. achieve D. succeed

答案请看第三页

【答案与解析】

1. 选B，spare 在表示“腾出或省去(多余的人或物)”。

2. 选C，regard … as …的意思“把……当作……”，其中的介词 as 不能换成 to be。

3. 选B。I tried to 为 I tried to get a job 之省略。

4. 选D。因为A、B、C均为终止性动词，均不能连用 for about six years 这样的一段时间。

5. 选A。matter 在此的意思是“要紧”、“关系重大”。

6. 选A。填空句为强调句，强调主语 red and black colours，故其后的谓语要用复数，即排除C和D。另外，fit 与suit区别是：fit 表示“适合”或“合身”等(及物或不及物)，主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合，而 suit 表示“适合”，主要指款式或花色等方面的适合。

7. 选B。do 在此表示“够”、“足够”、“适合”、“行”、“可以”等义。又如：

This will never do! 这事永远不可以。

I’m hungry. Get me something to eat. Anything will do. 我饿了，给我弄点吃的东西，什么都行。

8. 选D。show sb to the door 意为“送某人到门口”。注意，其中的介词 to 不可省略，否则就成了 show sb the door(驱赶某人，下逐客令)。另外，也不要按汉语意思选A，因为send 通常表示派人送，而不表示亲自送。

9. 选D，catch 在此表示“发现”，句中的 provided 用作连词，意为“如果”。

10. 选C。既然书不够，不能每人一本，所以有些人只能share(分享)了。

11. 选C。accept 意为“同意”、“接受”，注意不能选D，因为 agree 后不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。

12. 选D。realize 在此的意思不是“实现”，而是指“使(不安、恐惧等)成为事实”。

13. 选A，work 在此的意思是“起作用”、“奏效”。

14. 选B。work 在此的意思是“运作”、“运转”。

15. 选D。spend 和 cost 均可表示“花费”，但句型不同：spend + 时间或金钱 + on sth (in doing sth)，cost + 某人或某机构 + 金钱或时间。

16. 选D。由句意和常识推知。

17. 选C。miss 指“错过”。

18. 选C，由句子的语境可推知。

19. 选A，save 指“省去(劳力等)”。

20. 选B。

21. 选A，expects 在此不是表示“期待”，而是表示“预料”。

22. 选C，achieve 意为“完成”、“做到”。其余三项均不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。

高考英语词语辨析：about与on的用法区别

两者都可表示“关于”，区别是：about 指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，其谈论的内容也较为普通;而 on 则指比较有系统地或理论性较强地论述某事，其论述的内容较正式或较严肃。比较：

He wrote on mathematics. 他撰写数学著作。

He wrote about the school. 他报道有关这所学校的情况。

It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作)

It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟类的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的故事书)

高考英语词语辨析：after 与 behind 用法辨析

两者均可表示“在……之后”，既有相同之处，也有不同之处。分述如下：

1. after 主要用于时间或次序，behind 主要用于位置。如：

He decided to leave after lunch. 他决定午饭后离开。

Summer comes after spring. 春去夏来。

The hospital is behind the post office. 医院在邮局后面。

注：behind 有时也用于时间，表示“迟于”，主要用于 behind time(迟，晚)这一习语。如：

The train was 20 minutes behind time. 火车晚点 20 分钟。

2. 两者都可用于引申义，after 侧重指追求、寻找、模仿等;而behind 则侧重指在背后、支持、落后等。如：

The police are after her. 警察在追捕她。

Many young people are after her. 许多年青人都追求她。

We are behind you completely. 我们完全支持你。

He is behind the others in maths. 他的数学不如别人。

高考英语词语辨析：after 与 in 用法的三点区别

1. 均可与一段时间连用，表示“在……之后”，但 after 表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后，因此通常与过去时连用;而 in 则表示从现在算起的一段时间以后，因此通常用于将来时或含有将来意义的句子。如：

He came back after three days. 3 天后他回来了。

I’ll come back in three days. 我 3 天后回来。

I think he can come back in three days. 我想他 3 天后可以回来。

2. after 除与一段时间连用外，还可与一点时间连用，此时可用于将来时(注：in 不能与一点时间连用)。如：

He will arrive after five o’clock. 他 5 点钟以后到。

3. after 可以与某些表示活动的名词连用，表示“在……之后”(注：in 不能这样用)。如：

after school 放学后 after the meeting 散会后

after liberation 解放后 after one’s graduation 毕业后

2014高考英语抓分训练：动词和动词短语辨析及答案详解

2014高考英语抓分训练：动词和动词短语辨析

friends suggest that he should take any job he can get and shouldn't________and choose.

t

statement said five people died at the scene in this accident, while 15 others, their teacher included, were ________ dead by the afternoon.

inced ribed

itted irmed

3. The colour of that Tshirt ________ and made all the other clothes pink.[来源:]

ppeared

4. It ________ unusual courage and determination to make the break with his family.

ed

t ed

5. Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.

ired shed

C. concluded eved

6. He has talents by which he might ___ _____ himself.

se re

inguish

US government on Wednesday ________ former Commerce Secretary Gary Locke as ambassador to China, making him the first ChineseAmerican ever to take the post.

mulated ected

inguished irmed

8. Miss Green often said “God helps those who help themselves”， intending to ________ on us the significance of being independent.

ess

s

reason why the housing prices in big cities are going up all the time is that people are ________ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.[来源:]

king ing[来源:]

ing ezing

not fear them, for there is nothing covered that will not be ________， and nothing hidden that will not be made known.

icized ned

mated aled

ning to ________ makes it easier for one to get along with others in work and life.

te

e n

ntly the south of our country has been worst ________ by the drought.

essed cted

essed gned

daughter ________ to be a famous musician, so you should keep her practising the piano.

ises es

cts ends

's no surprise she's leaving the course—she's never really________.

ed in ed up

n in t up

15.I listened carefully to his long b oring speech, but could not ________ what he was talking abou t.

out ng out

out out

16.—Did you see Jay Chou at his album signing?

—Not waited in line for an hour, only to be ________ at the door.

ed away ed out

ed off ed up

17. Whenever I look at these photos, they will ________ happy memories of my stay in New York.

off for

up on

18. The secretary has a lot of things to ________ in the office since she has been away for quite a few days.

up up

out y out

is so noisy in the restaurant and hard for us to________a conversation.

on on

y on on

20.—Shall I ________ the raincoat?

—No hurry. Leave it where it is. It looks like rain.

away on

forward up

21. A wellwritten composition ________ good choice of words and clear organization.

s on s for

s up s off

22.—Why are you ________ your things?

—Well, the fact is, I've decided to leave.

ing up ing up

ing up ng up

23.A cellphone could ________the energy which could activate your brain.

away off

back up

24. How much you earn is not very is how you earn the money that ________.

ts es

s s

pretty girl really ________ my eye the moment the performance started.

ht

ed d

26. While prices are rising so fast, many people are working out ways to ________down their expenses.

le

China National Environmental Monitoring Centre________ air quality in urban areas from levels one to five: excellent, fairly good, slightly polluted, poor and dangerous.

ributes nges

sifies des

28. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.

A.spot iss

ter inguish

29. My brother is very tall. The little bed won't ________ for him.

are h

30.—If your son keeps practising, he ________ to make a famous crosscountry skier in our province.

—I'm thrilled with joy and very grateful to you, Mr Li.

s s

ises es

parents and teenagers should try their best to communicate more with each other and ________ the gap between them.

st

ow ce

you should do is just ________ the milk until it boils and then turn off the gas.

h ce

e nd

primary goal of UNESCO is to ________ modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge.

up sh up

d up up

r decades of effort, the city is still trying to ________ how to ban smoking in public places.

through through

re out out

public ________ Yuan Longping, a great mind who has devoted himself to the research into hybrid ri ce(杂交水稻).

up to up to

up with up with

36.—Jack can't concentrate on his lessons recently.

—Yes, that might ________ why he did so badly in the last test.

er for y for

unt for for

did have a quarrel about money last night, but now we have already ________.

n up up

up ght up

and more rich people have promised to ________ their wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.

away up

out off

is reported that the police will soon ________ the case of the two missing children.

upon after

into out

middleaged man said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to ________ his acceptance in writing.

irm ey

ince ider

mber to ________ a good state of mind even if you should fail plenty of times.

up h up

up up

she ________ her promise，she would have made it to Yale University.

ed up to d up to

up with up with

as Professor Scotti often ________ it, success is ninetynine per cent of mental attitude.

s

s

keys were ________ to our neighbours du ring our absence.

n out n away

n over n up

答案详解：

1.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的朋友建议他应该做他能得到的任何工作而不应该挑挑拣拣。

2.D 考查动词辨析。句意：有报告称，5人在这次意外事故中当场死亡，然而另外的15人包括他们的老师在内截止到下午被证实死亡。be confirmed dead被证实死亡。

3.C 考查动词词义辨析。此处run意为“褪色”。句意：那件T恤衫的颜色掉了，把其他所有衣服都染成了粉红色。

4.A 考查动词的用法。此处it为形式主语，后面的to make the break with his family是真正的主语。

5.D 考查动词词义辨析。此处achieve意为“完成，做到，获得(胜利等)，达到(目的)”，指克服困难之后取得成功、成就或实现预期的目标，强调结果。根据其宾语all of the goals可判断出“Lucy达到/实现了所有的目标”。acquire 取得，获得;finish 完成，结束;conclude 结束，终止。

6.C 考查动词辨析。此处expose 意为“揭露，揭发;使曝光;显示”;admire意为“钦佩;赞美”;distinguish 意为“区分;辨别;使杰出，使表现突出 ”;hide 意为“隐藏;隐瞒”。句意：他有一些别于常人的能力。

7.D 考查动词词义辨析。此处confirm sb as意为“任命某人为……”。句意：星期三美国政府任命原商务部部长Gary Locke为中国大使，使他成为第一个担任这个职位的美籍华人。

8.B 考查动词词义辨析。此处impress on sb sth意为“使……意识到某事”。句意：格林女士经常说：“天助自助者”，她有意识地使我们意识到独立的重要性。

9.B 考查动词词义辨析。此处pour into意为“涌向……”。句意：大城市房价一直上升的原因之一是人们大量地涌入过度拥挤的大城市。

10.D 考查动词词义辨析。criticize批评;define限制;estimate估计;reveal揭发，揭露。句意：不要害怕，没有不被揭露的事情，任何隐藏的事情都得被人们知道。

11.C 考查动词词义辨析。create创造;live生活;share分享;learn学习。句意：学会分享可以使人在工作和生活中与他人相处得更容易。

12.B 考查动词词义辨析。impress刻印;affect影响;express表达;design设计。句意：最近，我国南方受到了最严重的旱灾的影响。[来源:]

13.A 考查动词词义辨析。此处promise表示“很可能，预示”。agree同意;expect期待;pretend假装。句意：你女儿有可能成为著名的音乐家，所以你应该让她练习弹钢琴。

14.A 考查动词短语辨析。fit in适应，合得来;show up 出现，露面;give in屈服;burn up烧光。句意：她离开这个课程一点儿也不奇怪。她从来没有真正适应过。

15.C 考查动词短语辨析。此处make out意为“弄明白”。句意：我仔细地听了他冗长而令人厌烦的演讲，但没能明白他在讲什么。

16.A 考查动词短语辨析。此处turn away意为“拒绝”。句意：……我们排队等了一个小时，结果在门口被拒绝了。

17.C 考查动词短语辨析。此处call up意为“唤起”。句意：每当我看到这些照片，它们就会唤起我在纽约的美好回忆。

18.B 考查动词短语辨析。 句意：秘书要把办公室留下的许多事补回来，因为她已经外出好多天了。make up“弥补”，符合语境。take up占据;work out算出;carry out执行。都不合句意。

19.C 考查动词短语辨析。此处carry on意为“继续”。句意：饭店太吵闹了，我们很难继续谈话。

20.A 考查动词短语辨析。此处put away意为“把……收起”。句意：“我把雨衣收起来好吗?”“不急。把它放在原处。天看起来要下雨。”

21.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一篇写得好的文章需要好的措词和清晰的结构。此处call for意为“需要”。

22.B 考查动词短语辨析。此处pack up意为“收拾”。句意：“你为什么收拾你的东西?”“事实是我决定离开。”

23.B give away 捐赠; give off 发出，放出;give back 归还;give up 放弃。故选B。

24.A 考查 动词词义辨析。句意：你挣多少钱不重要，重要的是你怎样挣钱。

25.A 考查动词词义辨析。此处catch one's eye意为“吸引某人的眼球，引起某人的注意”。

26.A 考查动词短语辨析。cut down削减，缩短，砍倒;put down放下，写下，批评，奚落，贬损;turn down关小，调低，拒绝;settle down安顿下来。与费用(expenses)有关时，常用削减(cut down)费用。句意：当价格飞涨时，许多人做出了削减费用的举措。故A为最佳答案。

27.C 考查动词辨析。句意：国家环境监控中心把城市空气质量分成五级……。cla ssify 表示“分类”，故选C项。distribute 分配，散布;arrange 安排;divide 分割，分开。

28.C 考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的，还是想象的。spot认出，发现; dismiss开除，解散; distinguish区分。都不符合语意。shelter…from… 保护……免受(危险等)。

29.D 考查动词辨析。do for sb意思是“适合……，对……有效”。

30.C 考查动词词义辨析。此处promise意为“有希望成为……”。句意：“如果你的儿子坚持训练，他有望成为我们省著名的跨国飞行员。”“我非常高兴，也很感激你，李老师。”

31.C 考查动词词义辨析。此处narrow意为“缩小，使……变窄”。

32.A 考查动词词义辨析。watch关注;notice注意到;sense感觉;attend参加。句意：你应该做的事就是看着牛奶直到它开了，然后关掉煤气。

33.C 考查动词短语。题意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。build up建立;make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆;polish up改善，润色;give up放弃。

34.C 考查动词短语辨析。look through看穿，浏览;get through做完，通过;figure out解决，想出办法;take out拿出，取出。句意：经过几十年的努力，这座城市仍然在试图解决如何禁止在公共场合吸烟的问题。

35.B 考查动词短语辨析。根据语意“人们尊敬袁隆平，这位全身心地投入杂交水稻研究的伟人”可知选B项。look up to 尊敬;live up to 不辜负，达到;come up with 提出，想到;put up with 容忍，忍受。

36.C 考查动词短语辨析。语境：那有可能是他上次考试考得如此糟糕的原因。account for 是……的原因，说明，解释;answer for 对……负责;apply for 向……申请;call for 需要。

37.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨天晚上我们确实因为钱的问题吵了一架，但现在我们已经和好了。注意关键信息did have a quarrel和but。take up占据(时、空)，从事;make up弥补，和解;put up举起，张贴;bring up教育，培养，提出。根据句意可知B项正确。

38.A 考查动词短语辨析。give away分发;give up放弃;give out 用完，分发，发出;give off发出(气味，热、光等)。句意：越来越多的富人承诺他们死后把他们的财产分发下去以帮助穷人及残疾人。

39.C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：据报道，警察很快会调查两名失踪儿童的案件。look into调查;look upon尊敬; look after照看; look out小心。

40.A 考查动词词义辨析。confirm承认，确认;convey传递;convince说服;consider 考虑。根据句意选A。

41.D 考查动词短语辨析。此处keep up意为“保持”。句意：即使你失败多次，你也要记得保持良好的心态。

42.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果她不辜负她的诺言的话，她会成功地进入耶鲁大学。

43.C 考查动词词义辨析。此处put意为“说，表达”。句意：正如Scotti教授所说，成功取决于99%的精神态度。

44.C 考查动词短语的用法。句意：当我们不在时，我们把钥匙交给了我们的邻居。此处give over意为“交给”。

[来源:

高考英语二轮语法名词辨析及试题集

▲一、考点聚焦

1.可数名词单、复数变化形式

（1）规则变化。

①单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。

②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass - glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。

特例：stomach - stomachs

③以"辅音字母 + y"结尾的变"y"为"i"再加"-es"。如：

baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。

④以"o"结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。

如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pianos, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。

⑤以"f"或"fe"结尾的名词复数形式变"f"或"fe"为"v"，之后再加-es。

如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。

特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。

⑥改变元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice, foot - feet, woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。

⑦复合名词的复数形式。

（A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。

如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - bookstores。

（B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。

如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women drivers。

（C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加-s。

如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。

⑧有的名词有两种复数形式。

如：zero - zeros 、zeroes; penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便士的枚数)。

（2）不规则变化。

①单、复数同形。

如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。

②合成名词的.复数。

如：boy-friend - boy-friends, go-between- go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up - grown-ups。

③有些名词通常只用作复数。

如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, compasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。

④集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，

如：people, cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;

有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。

如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。

2、不可数名词的数

（1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：

①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：

抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词）

in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事

win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)

win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)

Failure(失败)is the mother of success 失败是成功之母。 a failure失败者

by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历

youth青春 a youth一个青年人

have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情 with pleasure乐意

a pleasure乐事

②抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：

A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.

Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?

It is waste of time reading such a novel.

She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.

(2)物质名词是不可数名词，但表示数量或种类之多时，可以用作可数名词。如：

①物质名词有形或数的相应物体，有单、复数。

如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些饮料, a drink一杯饮料，three drinks三杯饮料，his hair他的头发，a few grey hairs几根白发，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。

②物质名词有前置后置修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。

have breakfast The road is covered with snow.

have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year.

Time and tide wait for no man.

We had a wonderful time last night.

(3)有复数形式的不可数名词

①有些抽象名词往往以复数形式出现，起到一种丰富语言感情色彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。如：

Use your brains, please.

They have smoothed away the difficulties.

Have you made preparations for tomorrow's meeting?

Many thanks for your kindness.

No pains, no gains.

After many failures, they finally succeeded.

②有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如：

The boy burst into tears at the bad news.

The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.

The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.

3.名词所有格

（1）"'s"所有格的特殊表示形式有：

① 用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，

如：today's newspaper,five minutes'walk(drive),five pounds'weight, ten dollars'worth of coffee

②用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。

如：the earth's planet, the word's population, China's industry, New York's parks。

（2）"of"所有格的特殊表示方式有：

①表示"部分"时，一般在所修饰的名词前有一个表示数量的词（a、two、several、some、no、many等），

如：Some students of Mister Zhang's have gone to college.张老师的一些学生已经上大学了。

②表示"其中之一，其中一部分"的意思时，用：a friend of Tom's汤姆的一个朋友（许多朋友中的一位）。

③表示赞扬、批评或厌恶等感情色彩时，应该用：that/this/these/those + 名词（单、复数）of Mary's/yours/his/hers。如：

That invention of hers belongs to the world. 她的那项发明是属于全世界的（表赞赏）。

4、名词作定语

英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。

（1）分类意义。

air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友

coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax所得税

tennis ball网球 song writer歌曲作家

body language身体语言 road accident交通事故

Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖

（2）时间、地点、称呼等。

Doctor Jack杰克医生 Professor Li李教授

evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠

street dance 街舞 country music乡村音乐

village people村民 school education学校教育

China problem中国问题

（3）表目的、手段、来源，所属意义。

reception desk接待台 sports field田径场

stone table石桌 color TV彩电

weather report天气预报

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1. It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. (NMET 2001)

art much as an art as

an art much as much an art as

解析：答案为D。当名词前有what、so、as、too、quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等，应采取too/how + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词的形式。要记住一些类似的特殊结构，并加以分析。

2. The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key.（NMET 1999）

e e rd y

解析：答案为C。price 价格，价钱；prize奖金。Ｄ项是钱，属不可数名词，题中所要填的是"酬金，报酬"。注意正确理解名词的含义及其搭配是活用语言的基础，在复习备考中要熟练掌握考纲中一些名词的词义、搭配、习惯等，才能更好辨析名词，从而选择最符合句意的选项。

'll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London（NMET 1998）

e e ulness

解析：答案为C。本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及"be of + 抽象名词"结构。Price (价格)，cost（价钱，费用，成本）不符合题意，value作"quality of being useful or desirable"解时，常与of搭配，在句中作表语或补语，意为"有用，有价值"。故选择value。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达，题中"of + 抽象名词"相当于该名词的形容词形式。

练习.名词

1. The ____ of the room were covered with ____.

A. roofs, leafs B. roofs, leaves C. rooves, leafs D. rooves, leaves

2. There are three ____ in our factory.

A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. woman doctor D. women doctor

3. Which do you prefer ____ or ____?

A. potatos, tomatos B. potatos, tomatoes C. potatoes, tomatos D. potatoes, tomatoes

4. They are ____ of different presses(出版社). Now they are having a meeting in one of the ____ office.

A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in-chief's

B. editors-in-chief, editor-in-chief's

C. editors-in-chiefs, editor's-in-chief's

D. editors-in-chief, editors-in-chief's

5. The ant has two ____.

A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomach D. stomachs

6. He doesn't like ____ for supper.

A. chick B. chicken C. chickens D. chicks

7. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming.

A. so B. such C. so as D. such a

8. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room!

A. How B. How a C. What D. What a

9. We know ____ travels not so fast as light.

A. sound B. sounds C. the sounds D. a sound

10. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.

A. cattle, cows B. cows, cattle C. cattles, cows D. cow, cattles

11. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate（军营门口）.

A. have gathered B. has gathered C. is D. was

12. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.

A. deal B. amount C. number D. size

13. ____ work has been done to improve the people's living standard.

A. Many B. A great many

C. A great deal of D. A number of

14. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.

A. hand B. a hand C. hands D. the hands

15. Two ____, please.

A. coffee B. coffees C. cup of coffee D. cups coffee

16. I can't pay as ____ as he asked for.

A. high price a B. high price

C. a high price D. high a price

17. ____ knowledge of space develops rapidly.

A. Man's B. Men's C. Mens' D. Person's

18.I stayed at ____.

A. Xiao Wang's B. Wang's home C. the Wangs D. home of Wang

19. Sister Carrie works in a ____ factory.

A. shoes B. shoses C. shoe D. shoe's

20. Have you ever read ____?

A. today newspaper B. newspaper today C. newspaper of today D. today's newspaper

21. Two ____ walk didn't made me tired.

A. hour B. hours C. hour's D. hours'

22. The mother over there is ____ mother.

A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary's C. Julia's and Mary's D. Julia's and Mary

23. Li Ming's handwriting is better than ____ in the class.

A. anyone's B. anyone else C. anyone's else's D. anyone else's

24. The children are playing ____ on the ____.

A. sand, sand B. sands, sands C. sand, sands D. sands, sand

25. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller ____.

A. set B. one C. copy D. pair

26. Tom usually takes a ____ in bus on rainy days.

A. walk B. ride C. trip D. travel

27. We have no ____ about where she has gone.

A. information B. news C. message D. flash

28. Food and ____ are daily necessities（需要）for the people.

A. cloth B. clothe C. clothes D. clothing

29. My ____ of hearing is not so good as it used to be.

A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill

30. The ____ caused by carelessness ____ yesterday. Many workers were killed.

A. incident, was happened B. matter, happened

C. event, was taken place D. accident, took place

31. The room was so quiet that she could hear the ____ of her heart.

A. beating B. ways C. knocking D. striking

32. ____ has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.

A. The public B. People C. Women D. Man

33. He was an ____ in the government ____.

A. office, official B. official, office C. officer, office D. official, officer

34. There are several ____ in this novel who are different in ____.

A. character, character B. characters, characters

C. character, characters D. characters, character

35. We visited him ____ when he was in hospital.

A. every other days B. each other day C. every other day D. every two day

36. My friend will return in ____.

A. one day or two B. a day or two C. one day or two D. a or two days

37. ____ is always difficult for me.

A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation

38. ____ of this novel is excellent, quite to my surprise.

A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation

39. The police ____ looking into the matter now.

A. be B. is C. are D. are going to

40. The Chinese are ____ brave and hard working people.

A. the B. a C. / D. one

41. No news ____ good news.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

42. Maths still ____ very difficult for me, though I have done my best.

A. looks B. seems C. is D. are

43. "Where ____ my trousers?" the boy asked.

A. is B. was C. were D. are

44. How happy they are! Obviously, they are ____.

A. in nice spirits B. in nice spirit C. in high spirits D. in high spirit

45. I saw many ____ seated in the corner reading something.

A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. of Japanese D. of Japaneses

46. Father went to his doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.

A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices

47. We are ____ and they are ____.

A. Englishmen, Germans

B. Englishmen, German

C. Englishmans, Germans

D. Englishmen, Germen

48. ____ are made of ____.

A. A glass, a glass B. Glasses, glass C. The glass, the glass D. Glasses, glasses

49. I'll have to buy ____ trousers.

A. a B. two C. a pair of D. a couple of

50. There are two ____ in our class.

A. Liu B. Lius C. Liu's D. Lius'

51. ____ is needed in cold countries.

A. A lot of clothes B. Much clothing

C. Many a cloth D. Lots of clothes

52. They are ____.

A. mathematics student

B. mathematic students

C. students in mathematics

D. mathematics students

53. The laboratory assistant recorded the ____ reactions（反应）.

A. mouses' B. mice C. mices' D. mice's

54. This letter was sent by ____.

A. my father friend

B. my father friend's

C. a friend of my father's

D. a friend of my father

55. Ten years had passed. I found she had ____.

A. a little white hair

B. some white hair

C. a few white hair

D. a few white hairs

56. I have made ____ with Billy.

A. friends B. friend C. a friend D. the friend

57. The population of Beijing is ____ than that of Xi'an.

A. more B. larger C. fewer D. small

58. There are thirty-two ____ in our school.

A. woman teacher B. women teacher

C. women teachers D. woman teachers

59. He had tried everything but it made little____ .

A. use B. good C. difference D. result

60. You must get there within half an hour. There should be no____ in sending the blood to the dying man.

A. wait B. delay C. time D. hurry

61. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any___ .

A. excuse B. sense C. use D. value

62. -How dare you play on such thin ice? -Playing on ice is not my ___of spare time.

A. idea B. thought C. mind D. intention

63. Helen said she would like to go to Atlanta by air, but I wonder if she has enough money to pay for the____ .

A. travel B. tourism C. journey D. course

64. One splendid mountain____ followed another during our journey from Mieheel more to Rurunz.

A. view B. glance C. screen D. scene

new law will come into ___on the day it is passed. (1999上海)

A. effect B. use C. service D. existence

66. When you play' football, what ______do you play?

A. situation B. place C. part D. position

67. It's important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the______in language studies.

A. situation B. expression C. condition D. translation

68. I wrote him a letter to show my ______of his thoughtfulness.

A. achievement B. agreement C. view D. appreciation

69. One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high-rise is that you can get a good______ .

A. sight B. scene C. view D. look

70. Nowadays natural gas, wind and other forms of ______are widely used in the country.

A. energy B. force C. power D. materials

71. ______with foreign countries can bring us much information about the world.

A. Contrast B. Competition C. Contact D. Combination

72. We all know that______speak louder than words.

A. movements B. performances C. operations D. actions

have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ___.(NMET1997 38)

A. fact B. reality C. practice D. deed

've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ____but to take a taxi.(Met 1993 ,33)

A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection

dropped the ___and broke it . (Met 1993, 38)

A. cup of coffee B. coffee's cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup

's my card. Let's keep in ____. (NMET1994 ,33)

A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship

gained his ___by printing ___of famous writers.(NMET1995,40)

A. wealth; work B. wealths ; works C. wealths; work D. wealth; works

78.I'll look into the matter as soon as possible , just have a little ___.(MET 1996 ,10)

A. wait B. time C. patience D. rest

by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a ____.(NMET1997,18)

A. message B. letter C. sentence D. notice

e football players had no strict ___until they joined our club. (1997.上海 20)

A. practice B. education C. exercise D. training

countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ___.(1996.上海.15)

A. energy B. source C. power D. material

'll find this map of great __in helping you to get round London.(NMET 1998 21)

A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness

all know that ___speak louder than words.(1999.上海 24)

A. movements B. performances C. operations D. actions

parents always let me have my own ____of living. (1999.上海25)

A. way B. method C. manner D. fashion

Key:

1~5 BBDDD 6~10 BBCAA 11~15 ABCCB 16~20 DAACD 21~25 DBDCD

26~30 BADBD 31~35 AABDC 36~40 BACCB 41~45 ABDCA 46~50 BABCB

51~55 BDDCD 56~60 ABCCB 61~65 BACAA 66~70 DADCA 71~75 CDCBD

76~80 ADCAD 81~84 ACDA

2006全国各省市高考试卷中的名词试题:

1．(全国卷2)11. It is no _______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.

A. use B. help C. time D. way

2．(上海春)41. Put the ___ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.

A. tip B. top C. peak D. pole

3．(天津卷)15. Finding information in today's world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.

A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge

4．(辽宁卷)ol children must be taught how to deal with dangerous .

A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions

5．(江西卷)28．It is said that dogs will keep you _________ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.

A. safety B. company C. house D．friend

6．(福建卷)ys read the _______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.

A. explanations B. instructions

C. descriptions D. introductions

7．(湖北卷)21. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.

A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values

8．(湖北卷)23. The ______on his face told me that he was angry.

A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression

9．(湖北卷)24. At the meeting they discussed three different ______to the study of mathematics.

A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways

10．(广东卷)34. You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of .

A. date B. shape C. order D. balance

11．(浙江卷) --- If you like I can do some shopping for you.

--- That's a very kind ________.

A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion

12．(北京卷)23. She went to the bookstore and bought _________.

A. dozen books B. dozens books

C. dozen of books D. dozens of books

Keys: AACCB BADAB 11-12 AD