高考英语易错词汇解析之系动词辨析及搭配用法

become，grow，go，get，run，turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法

常见的“变成”类系动词有become， get， come， go， grow， fall， turn， run等，都表示从一种状态到另一种状态。尽管意思都差不多，但搭配有差别，若不注意，运用时会出错。我们要注意以下几个方面。

1. 形容词作表语。

go和come是一对相反的词。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情，而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如：

In hot weather， meat goes bad. Things will come righ in the end.

go与come前面的主语一般是物。如： 误：She goes famous. 正：She becomes(gets) famous.

表语为mad，crazy(古怪的)，blind， lame或表示颜色的'词，go前面的主语可以是人。如：

He went mad. Hearing this， she went red.

run后面接short，dry， low， deep等词，主语多为能流动，能消耗掉的东西。如：

Their money was running short. Still waters run deep.

但wild作表语，主语可以是人，如： Don't let the children run wild.

grow与run相对，接表示人或物特征的静态形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，侧重于“逐渐变成”。如：The girl grew thinner and thinner. Soon the sky grew light.

turn多接表示颜色的形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，它侧重变得与以前完全不同。如：

The man turned blue with fear. The weather suddenly turned much colder.

fall接asleep， silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词比较级。如： She fell ill froom cold.

(误)She fell from cold. (正)She got worse.

fall short(没中)，fall apart(散开)，fall flat(没效果)，可作成语记住。

''get+adj.''是口语，用得广泛，get能替代become， become较正式，get与become前面的主语既可以是人又可以是物。如： He became(got) angry. His coat has become(got) badly torn.

get较多地与形容词比较级连用。如： The days are getting longer and longer.

注意：become一般不用于“将来成为”的意思。如(误)I hope you will become well.(正)I hope you will get well.

2. become， turn， get， go， fall能用名词作表语，其它的则不能。如：

His dream has become(got) a reality. He has turned scientist. He has gone socialist.

He fell(a) victim to cancer.

注意：go， turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。

3. become， get， grow能接过去分词，并且come和go多接有否定前缀的过去分词。“get+过去分词”表示一次行为：“become+过去分词”表示事情发生的最后结果。如：

The string comes untied. His report went unnoticed. The fence gets white——washed every year.

She became engaged as a typist.

4. get， go， come能接现在分词，不过它们已失去“成为”的意思。如：

They went in and got chatting together.(开始) We often go swimming.(去) He came running in(来)

5. come， grow， get能接不定式，这种结构表示变化过程，come表示“最终变得”get表示“由不……变得”，grow表示“渐渐变得”如：

I've really come to love this place. Mary's growing to be more and more like her mother. You'll soon get to like it.

这种结构不能用于带有一段时间的完成时态。如：

(误)They have got to know each other for years. (正)They have known each other for years.

6. 它们都可以接介词短语，固定搭配需要一个一个地记。如：

They ran out of money. The problem will come un