九年级定语从句讲解
一.定义:
在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:
1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2. 关联词:
1)引出定语从句,并作从句的.一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:
先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:
1. that 和which
that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.
Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?
The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.
注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)
2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:
1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that
This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that
The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.
3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.
Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?
This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.
4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that
I want everything (that) I want.
I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.
5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that
Here is all the money (that) I have.
6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.
7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导
Is it the one(that)you want?
8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句
Who is the girl that won the first place?
3. who和whom
who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?
The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.
=The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.
五.关系副词的用法:
1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. when=on which
e 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.
We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.
㈠.单项选择
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who D. /
3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that B. whose C. which D. as
4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. which C. who D. whom
5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. that C. which D. /
6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who
9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom B. who C. / D. he
13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.
A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there
16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what B. which C. as D. /
17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?
A. where B. in that C. that D. which
19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?
A. that B. when C. what D. on that
21. The first time ___ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
22. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where D. in which
23. October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which
24. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
25. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
26. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
27. Did you tell your mother all ___ you had seen on the way home?
A. what B. why C. that D. which
28. It’s one of the most important meetings ___ this years.
A. that has been held B. which has been held
C. that have been held D. which have held
29. Do you know who lives in the building ___ there is a well?
A. in front of it B. in front of whose
C. in front of which D. in the front of which
30. I’ll never forget the day ___ I joined the League.
A. on which B. which C. in which D. at which
31. She showed her new watch to my wife, ___ was kept in a box.
A. who B. which C. that D. it
32. She had three sons, all ___ became doctors.
A. who B. whom C. of them D. of whom
33. This is the new type of plane ___ parts are made of plastics.
A. that B. what C. which D. whose
34. ___ is known to all, China is a developing country, belonging to the third world.
A. It B. That C. As D. Which
35. Is this the leaning tower ___ Galileo did experiment centuries ago?
A. that B. where C. which D. when
㈡.将下列两句话合并成一句.
1. I can’t find the book.. I bought a book yesterday.
______________________________________________________________
2. The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage.
______________________________________________________________
3. The West Lake lies in Hangzhou. The West Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China.
______________________________________________________________
4. I don’t know that boy. The boy is in blue shirt.
______________________________________________________________
5. My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music.
______________________________________________________________
6. The cat is mine. The cat is playing with a ball.
______________________________________________________________
答案:
一)
1-5 A C A B A
6-10 B B C A D
11-15 A B D D A
16-20 D C A B B
21-25 D B B A D
26-30 D C C C A
31-35 B D D C B
(二)
1. I can’t find the book that/which/ / I bought yesterday.
2. The girl who/that is standing on the stage is my sister.
3. The West Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China that lies in Hangzhou.
4. I don’t know the boy who/that is in blue shirt.
5. My brother likes the singers who/that write their own music.
6. The cat which/that is playing with a ball is mine.
定语从句
一. 定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(以下简称定从)。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定从必须放在先行词之后。引导定从的关联词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。含定从的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定从。
二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用:关系代词和关系副词用来引导定从,在先行词和定从之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定从中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
1. 作主语:关系代词在定从中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
2. 作宾语: She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
3. 作定语:关系代词whose在定从中作定语用。例如:
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作状语: This is the house where I was born.
-
搭船的鸟阅读教学设计
作为一名教职工,时常需要编写教学设计,借助教学设计可以更好地组织教学活动。那么教学设计应该怎么写才合适呢?以下是小编为大家整理的搭船的鸟阅读教学设计,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。搭船的鸟阅读教学设计1一、教学目标:1、能正确认读本课生字,学写翠字。2、能...
-
八年级英语教学工作计划(通用14篇)
日子如同白驹过隙,不经意间,又将开始安排今后的教学工作了,让我们对今后的教学工作做个计划吧。如何把教学计划写出新花样呢?以下是小编帮大家整理的八年级英语教学工作计划,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。八年级英语教学工作计划篇1一、本学期的指导思想...
-
开学典礼老师讲话稿(通用19篇)
在学习、工作生活中,很多情况下我们需要用到讲话稿,讲话稿是应用写作研究的重要文体之一。相信很多朋友都对写讲话稿感到非常苦恼吧,下面是小编精心整理的开学典礼老师讲话稿,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。开学典礼老师讲话稿篇1同学们,老师们:大家好。很高兴能够和大...
-
大学生社区志愿服务社会实践报告(精选5篇)
忙碌而又充实的社会实践已经告一段落了,相信大家这段时间来吸收了不少的新思想,是时候进行一个全面的总结了。千万不能认为实践报告随便应付就可以,以下是小编收集整理的大学生社区志愿服务社会实践报告,希望对大家有所帮助。大学生社区志愿服务社会实践报告篇1爱...