2017年职称英语等级考试卫生类试题

不向前不知道路远，不学习不明白真理。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年职称英语等级考试卫生类试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!

　　第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.

d d

that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.

ch rstand

shoes were shined to perfection.

red ed ed shed

ha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.

rted d ered tted

have to act within the existing legal framework.

em t edure us

high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.

rt lem uence ern

study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking sciencecourses.

tive ral inuous p

converted the spare bedroom into an office.

ced ed d rmed

. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.

eased cted red

need to extract the relevant financial data.

in e ew

police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.

ce sion on

explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.

stigated red uded pted

rson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.

ng ting king ing

always finds fault with everything.

lifies icizes uates ines

view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.

ral itional ificent ng

　　第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　Relieving the Pain

“Exercise may be the best treatment of chronic pain,” say doctors at a new clinic for dealingwith pain. “People with chronic pain need to stop lying around, go out more, and startexercising.” The instinctive reaction to acute pain is to stop moving and to try to protect thesource of pain. But it seems that this is often not productive, especially in the case of backpain. Back pain, after headaches and tiredness, has become the third most common reason forpeople to visit their doctors. Painful backs now account for millions of days off work.

Lumbar(腰部的)pains are partly the price humans pay for taking their forelimbs off the ground,but they are made worse by a sedentary(久坐不动的)lifestyle. Lack of exercise slowlydecreases the flexibility and strength of muscles, so that it is more difficult to take pressureoff the site of pain. Exercise is essential. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), the body’s “feel-good” chemicals, which are natural painkillers. In fact, these are so important that researchersare now looking for drugs that can maintain a comfortable level of endorphins in the body.

Most people who go to a family doctor complaining of pain are prescribed pain-killing drugsrather than exercise. Since finding the cause of backache is not so easy, doctors frequently donot know the precise cause of the discomfort, and as the pain continues, sufferers end uptaking stronger doses or a series of different drugs. “It’s crazy,” says Dr. Brasseur, a therapistat the International Association for the Study of Pain. “Some of them are taking different drugsprescribed by different doctors. I’ve just seen a patient who was taking two drugs which turnedout to be the same thing under different- names.”

A generation of new pain clinics now operates on the basis that drugs are best avoided. Oncepatients have undergone the initial physical and psychological check up, their medication iscut down as much as possible. Taking patients off drugs also prepares them for physicalactivity.

In some pain-relief clinics, patients begin the day with muscle contraction and relaxationexercises, followed by an hour on exercise bikes. Later in the day, they practice tai chi(太极),self-defense, and deep thought. This compares with an average of two-and-a-half hours’physiotherapy(理疗)a week in a traditional hospital program. “The idea is to strengthen andto increase long-lasting energy, flexibility, and confidence,” explains Bill Wiles, a consultantpain doctor in Liverpool. “Patients undergoing this therapy get back to work and resumehealthy active lifestyles much sooner than those subjected to more conservative treatment.”

treat pain, patients should stop moving around.

t g mentioned

aches are partly caused by lack of exercise.

t g mentioned

cise helps to take the pressure off the site of pain.

t g mentioned

ors often use drugs such as endorphins to treat patients.

t g mentioned

ache sufferers often end up taking more than one drug to kill pain.

t g mentioned

cise helps pain sufferers to recover more quickly than traditional treatment.

t g mentioned

pain clinics ask patients to give up drugs completely.

t g mentioned

第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

　　The Meaning of Dreams

1　Dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly interpreted, we can cometo understand ourselves better. Here, we look at four common dreams and what theypotentially symbolize.

2　I can see their laughing faces ... laughing at me. But they aren’t as smart. If they were,they’d be up here flying with me! This dream has both positive and negative connotations(涵义). On the positive side, the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away fromeveryday routine. It can also be interpreted as a powerful desire to achieve. On the otherhand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is afraid of something and they wish toescape. The dream could represent an inferiority complex(自卑情结), which the dreamerattempts to escape from by putting themselves up above others.

3　I’m moving fast now, but it’s still behind me. Doesn’t matter how fast I go, I still can’tescape. Although this is a traditional symbol of health and vitality(生命力)like the first one,it can also suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually, fear is the dominantemotion. By running hard, the dreamer can possibly escape the threat. However, they can alsostumble(蹒跚)or worse still stop moving altogether. This makes the fear even moreterrifying(恐怖的). One possible interpretation suggests that the person is under pressurein their everyday life.

4　I’m sweating and my heart is beating. I’m trapped in my own bed. In this dream, the personis often standing on a high, exposed place such as on the top of a tower, or on the edge of acliff. The overwhelming(强烈的)feeling changes from anxiety to a loss of control. There isnothing to stop the person, and the feeling as they go over the edge can be horrifyingly ((恐怖地)real. Fortunately, just before hitting the ground, the dreamer awakens with a sense ofenormous relief. This dream suggests that the dreamer is afraid of losing control and has afear of failure or even death.

5　The wind is pushing me and I slip. There’s nothing I can do — nothing I can hold on to. Thissymbol is associated with fear: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They tryhard to move their arms and legs, but they simply cannot. Frozen in a terrifying situation withno escape, they become more and more terrified as the seconds go by. Another frequentcontext for this dream is failing to do something in public, often something which you arenormally very good at, such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing, but it alsoshows a deep-seated phobia(恐惧)of losing a job and a livelihood.

graph 2 ______

graph 3 ______

graph 4 ______

graph 5 ______

m of diving into the water

m of running hard

m of falling down

m of flying into the air

m of being pushed away

m of climbing trees

a person puts himself up above others in the dream, he may ________.

a person dreams of being chased by others, he may ________.

a person dreams of going over the edge of a cliff, he may ________.

a person dreams of failing to do something in public, he may ________.

under pressure in everyday life

tired in real life

afraid of losing his job in real life

lonely in everyday life

inferior in reality

afraid of losing control in real life

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?

Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusualnot to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They findthat the phones are more than a means of communication — having a mobile phone showsthat they are cool and connected.

The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems fromthe use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobilephone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that thereis no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of somepeople who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can bedetected with modern scanning(扫描)equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had toretire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn’t remember even simple would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone forabout six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctorblamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.

What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-techmachines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phonecompanies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worryabout.

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phonesless often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phoneonly when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially inemergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad foryour health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

le buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that

’re cheap.

’re popular

’re useful.

’re convenient.

word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

d.

ved.

ed.

overed.

salesman retired young because

disliked using mobile phones.

B. he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.

C. he couldn’t remember simple tasks.

employer’s doctor persuaded him to.

the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies

the existence of mobile phone radiation.

B. hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about

C. develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.

to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.

writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people

buy mobile phones.

B. to update regular phones.

C. to stop using mobile phones.

use mobile phones less often.

　　第二篇 Preventing Child Maltreatment(虐待)

Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are noreliable global estimates for the prevalence(流行)of child maltreatment. Data for manycountries, especially low-and middle-income countries, are lacking.

Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely dependingon the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal thatapproximately 20% of women and 5—10% of men report being sexually abused as children,while 25 —50% of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children aresubject to emotional abuse (sometimes referred to as psychological abuse and neglect).

Every year, there are about 31,000 homicide(杀人)deaths in children under 15. This numberunderestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due tochild maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, burns and drowning.

Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-termconsequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early braindevelopment. Extreme stress can impair(伤害)the development of the nervous andimmune(免疫)systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk forbehavioural, physical and mental health problems. Via(通过)the behavioural and mentalhealth consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide andsexually transmitted infections.

Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, includingcosts of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs.

A number of risk factors for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are notpresent in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when one attempts tounderstand the causes of child maltreatment.

It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame formaltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood ofbeing maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, beingunwanted, or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special needs’ cryingpersistently or having abnormal physical features.

rnational studies reveal that

children have been neglected.

B. child maltreatment is most serious in developed countries.

C. 20% of children have been sexually abused.

D.25 —50% of girls have been physically abused.

word “underestimates” in paragraph 3 means

gerates.

B. points out.

C. assumes.

alculates.

d maltreatment can bring all the following consequences EXCEPT

ss.

B. suicide.

C. heart disease.

memory.

dren are more likely to be maltreated if they

a lot.

B. are not good-looking.

C. are over 4 years old.

quiet.

can infer from the passage that

archers have collected enough data on child maltreatment.

B. more than 31,000 children under 15 are killed every year.

C. many countries have set up special institutions for maltreated children.

children are also to blame for maltreatment.

　　第三篇 Sprained(扭伤)Ankle

One of the most common injuries teenagers and adults experience is a sprained ankle. A sprainoccurs when the ligaments(韧带)a joint are twisted(扭伤)and possibly torn. Ligaments arebands of fibers that hold the bones of a joint in position. A sprain can occur from a suddentwisting at the joint, or a stretching or tearing of the fibers of the ligaments. The injured areausually swells(肿胀)and becomes black and blue. Stepping off the sidewalk at the wrongangle or having one foot land in a hole while walking or running can leave you rolling on theground in pain with an ankle on fire! If you cannot walk without experiencing intense pain, youmust seek medical help. If the pain is manageable, and you can walk, here are three words tohelp you remember how to treat yourself:

■ Elevate(抬高)

■ Cool

■ Bandage(打绷带)

As soon as there is injury to that ligament, there will be a certain amount of bleeding underthe skin. Once the blood pools around the damaged blood vessels, swelling occurs. Thepressure from the swelling results in additional stress and tenderness to the region. In orderto reduce the degree of swelling, lie down as soon as possible and keep the ankle elevated sothat it is actually higher than your heart. Next, to reduce blood distribution and keepbleeding(流血) to a minimum, apply a cold pack. After 20 minutes, take the pack off, waithalf an hour and then reapply. This can be done several times a day for a total of three days.

Never leave a cold pack on for more than 20 minutes at a time. Reducing the temperature inthat area for an extended period of time signals the body to increase blood flow to raise thebody temperature! Therefore, one accidentally triggers(引起) more blood distribution to theaffected area by leaving a cold pack on for too long! Finally, bandage the ankle. Be careful notto wind it too tightly; doing so can restrict blood flow and cause harm to the entire foot.

41.A sprain is caused by

ment fibers of a joint being twisted.

B. blood vessels being hurt in the foot.

C. constantly changing body temperature.

ating one’s ankle.

black-and-blue symptom of a sprain is due to

ding under the skin.

B. pressing one’s ankle.

C. a tight bandage.

ying a cold pack.

word “it” in paragraph 2 (line 5) refers to

e.

B. injury.

C. pressure.

ling.

the initial cold pack removed, what is to be done?

n bandaging the ankle.

B. Wait 30 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 20 minutes.

C. Keep the ankle in a position lower than your heart.

20 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 30 minutes.

main idea of the passage is to explain

a sprain occurs.

B. how to bandage an injured foot.

C. how to treat a sprained ankle.

to reduce the temperature of a wounded area.

　　第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

　　Flying into History

When you turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrities(名人)are ough fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always beenthat way. _______ (46) Many historians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the firstmajor celebrities, or superstars.

Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota. As achild, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued adegree in engineering. At the age of 20, however, the allure(诱惑)of flying capturedLindbergh’s imagination. ________ (47) Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane andtraveled across the nation performing aerial stunts(空中特技).

In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military andgraduated first in his pilot class. ________ (48)

During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generousa- ward to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The OrteigPrize was worth$ 25,000 — a large amount even by today’s standards.

Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable offlying that far for that long. ________ (49)

On May 20,1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrivedthe next day at an airstrip(简易机场)outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spiritof St. Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books. He became anational hero and a huge celebrity.

When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape(热烈的)parade held tocelebrate his accomplishment. ________ (50) A very popular dance was even named forCharles Lindbergh—the Lindy Hop. Today, The Spirit of St. Louis is kept at the SmithsonianInstitute’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.

bergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of s, Missouri.

ing with an aviation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help fromthe city of St. Louis, Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey.

also received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration.

ty years ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect onAmericans.

childhood was not full of fond memories.

quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.

第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)

　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Food Safety and Foodborne Illness

Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue. Governments all over the world areintensifying their efforts to ______ (51) food safety. These efforts are in response to anincreasing number of food safety problems and ______ (52) consumer concerns.

Foodborne illnesses are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic(有毒的)innature, caused by agents that ______ (53) the body through the ingestion(摄取)of y person is ______ (54) risk of foodborne illnesses.

Foodborne diseases are a widespread and growing public health ______ (55), both indeveloped and developing countries. The global incidence of foodborne diseases is difficult to______ (56), but it has been reported that in 2005 alone 8 million people died from diarrhea(腹泻)diseases. A great proportion of these ______ (57) can be attributed tocontamination(污染)of food and drinking water. Additionally, diarrhea is a ______ (58) causeof malnutrition(营养不良)in infants and young children.

In industrialized countries, the percentage of the population suffering from foodborne diseaseseach year has been ______ (59) to be 10% up to 30%. In the United States of America, forexample, around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases, resulting ______ (60) 325,000hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths, are estimated to occur each year.

______ (61) less well documented, developing countries bear the brunt(首当其冲)of theproblem due to the presence of a wide ______ (62) of foodborne diseases, including thosecaused by parasites(寄生虫). The high prevalence of diarrhea diseases in many developingcountries suggests major ______ (63) food safety problems.

In partnership with other stakeholders, WHO is developing ______ (64) that will furtherpromote the safety of food. These policies ______ (65) the entire food chain from productionto consumption and will make use of different types of expertise(专长).

ove ide h

owing ful ng diate

rn r

rest lem ice fit

are mate ain ce

ors ucts s tries

ral r lar

ined owledged idered rted

e e e

e ance r ngement

ailing ading bling rlying

cies ods rams ems

r k