关于定语从句中关系代词的分析

　　（1） 关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as的用法

英语中的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as，它们是用来引导定语从句的。关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词，又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分， 如主语、宾语、表语或定语。如：

This is the man who saved your son.

这就是救了你儿子的那个人。（who在从句中作主语，先行词是man）

The man whom I met yesterday is Jim．

我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。（whom在从句中作宾语，它的先行词是man）

He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.

他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。（whose在从句中作定语，它的先行词是room）

I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake.

我走向那扇临湖的`大门。（that在从句中作主语，它的先行词是gate）

This is the pen which he bought yesterday.（which在从句中作宾语，它的先行词是pen，可省略）

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

众所周知，月球每个月绕地球转一周。（as在从句中作主语，指代主句）

　　（2）关系代词who，whom，whose的区别

a) who和whom均只用于指人，不用于指事或物，其中who在定语从句中用作主语，whom在定语从句中用作宾语。Who有时可代替whom作宾语，但在介词后面一定要用whom作介词的宾语。如：

She said she huffed the persons who flattered her.

她说她看不起那些拍她马屁的人。

The man who / whom you met just now is called Jim.

你刚遇见的那个人叫吉姆。

She brought with her three friends, none of whom I had ever met before.

她带了3个朋友来，我以前都没见过。

b)关系代词whose既可用于指人，也可用于指事或物，它在定语从句中主要用作定语。如：

This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.

这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家。