2017年职称英语卫生补全短文精选

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The Day a Language Died

When Carios Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba.

Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. 46 They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.

We are all aware of the danger that modern industry can cause the world's ecology ( 生态 ) .

However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well. 47 When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.

Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples. Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers.48 In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, are dying out.

Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the danger of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. 49The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.

What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what has been lost and to for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder, must be a peculiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. 50

A. Some people might want to learn some of these songs by hearts.

B. In New Guinea there is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction (灭绝) .

C. However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina where he learned the language.

D. These languages don't have many native speakers.

E. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.

F. As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increases.

　　答案与解析

46.A。从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲到那些想要听卡托巴语歌曲的人就需要联系Smithsonian机构，因为该机构早在20世纪40年代，Red Thunder Cloud为未来的后代灌录了一系列的歌曲，空白处后一句说的是这些歌曲都是以卡托巴语而保留的，由此可知空白处应该讨论这些卡托巴语歌曲的事情，所以A(有些人可能想要用心学习这些歌曲)比较合适，符合内容一致的原则。

47.F。从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲的是汉语、西班牙语、俄语和北印度语已经变成很强大的`语言(powerful)，与F项中powerful衔接，而且these langauges与空白处前的“Chinese，Spanish，Russian，and Hindi”指代也比较一致，所以F(当这些语言变得更加强大时，他们作为商业和文化的工具的使用就会增加)符合原文，符合指代一致的原则。

48.B。从原文来看，空白处之前的句子说的是埃塞俄比亚的许多语言也面临着消亡的命运，因为说那些语言的人太少了，空白处之后的句子说的是在美洲有近100种语言因为说话人少于300人也正在消亡，所以空白处谈论的也应该是语言消亡的例子，再结合第三段的首句可知本段主要谈论语言的消亡，所以B(新几内亚有着非常丰富的不同语言的来源，但是有100多种语言正濒临灭绝)是正确答案，符合内容与段落主题句一致的原则，其中dieout反复出现。

49.C。从原文来看，空白处前面一句RedThunderCloud并非出生在卡托巴，而且卡托巴语也不是其母语，空白处后一句讲的是他为Smithsonian机构所唱的歌曲使得美洲本土的音乐流行起来。因此，空白处谈论的还是Red Thunder Cloud唱歌的问题，所以C(但是，他经常访问South Carolina的Catawba的保留地，并在那里学会了这种语言)比较符合原文语义，从逻辑上解释了为什么卡托巴不是Red Thunder Cloud的母语，但是他却会唱卡托巴语的歌曲，符合上下文逻辑一致的原则。

50.E。从该段的首句来看，本段主要讨论语言消亡给我们带来的后果，从剩余的两个选项D和E比较来看，E选项(对我们剩下的人而言，当语言消亡的时候，我们失去了用一种独特方式观察和描述这个世界的可能性)符合该段的内容，而且E项中的“for the rest ofus”与段落首句的“for the rest ofus”也保持了一致。