GRE写作Argument的7种逻辑错误
在GRE写作中,最经常出现的`错误就是逻辑错误,那么下面小编就来和介绍一下吧!
1、结论无据(gratuitous assumption)
The author falsely depends on gratuitousassumption that.... However, no evidence is stated in the argument to supportthis assumption. In fact, this is not necessarily the case. For example, it ismore likely that.... Therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling outsuch possibility.
2、无因果联系
The author commits a fallacy of causaloversimplification. The line of the reasoning is that because A occurred beforeB, the former event is responsible for the latter. (The author uses thepositive correlation between A and B to establish causality. However, the factthat A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A caused B.) But thisis fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have beenconsidered and ruled out. For example, perhaps C is the cause of these eventsor perhaps B is caused by D.
3、样本不足(Insufficient-sample)
The evidence the author provides isinsufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it. One example is logicallyunsounded to establish a general conclusion (The statistics from only a fewrecent years are not necessarily a good indicator of future trends), unless itcan be shown that A1 is representative of all A.
4、二者择一(Either-Orchoice)
The author assumes that AA and BB aremutually exclusive alternatives and there is no room for a middle ver, the author provides no reason for imposing an either-or choice. Commonsense tells us that adjusting both AA and BB might produce better results.
5、错误类比 (based on a false analogy ) <横向>
The argument rests on the assumptionthat A is analogous to B in all respects. This assumption is weak, sincealthough there are points of comparison between A and B, there is muchdissimilarity as well. For example, A..., however, B.... Thus, it is likelymuch more difficult for B to do....
6、时地全等 all thingsare equal <纵向>
The author commits the fallacy of “all things are equal”. The fact thathappened two years ago is not a sound evidence to draw a conclusion author assumes without justification that the background conditions haveremained the same at different times or at different locations. However, it isnot clear in this argument whether the current conditions at AA are the same asthey used to be two years ago. Thus it is impossible to conclude that....
7、可疑调查(survey isdoubtful)
The poll cited by the author is toovague to be informative. The claim does not indicate who conducted the poll,who responded, or when, where and how the poll was conducted. (Lacking informationabout the number of people surveyed and the number of respondents, it isimpossible to access the validity of the results. For example, if 200 personswere surveyed but only 2 responded, the conclusion d be highlysuspect. Because the argument offers no evidence that would rule out this kindof interpretations,) Until these questions are answered, the results of thesurvey are worthless as evidence for the conclusion.
-
2017年GRE考试写作技巧
GRE作文成绩虽然不计入GRE考试总分,但其6分的价值并不容忽视,特别是想要申请文科类研究生专业的考生,假如没有一个拿得出的作文分数,获得OFFER的几率就会下降不少。特别是在大家GRE分数都差不多的时候,想要提升自己的申请成功率,就需要依靠作文来拉开差距。下面是yjb...
-
学会取舍是根本新gre阅读技巧
把gre长文读懂永远是放在第二位的,而把握文章结构(包括文章类型、段与段之间的关系、甚至句与句之间的关系)、作者态度则是第一位的,在读文章时要时刻记住这一点,对于文章内涵能读懂就读,不懂也不要强求,否则会造成心理阴影,影响做题,尤其是现在还有一个月的时间,每次...
-
GRE词汇记忆速成的方法有哪些
GRE词汇记忆是有一些规律的,对于准备GRE考试的考生来说,新GRE词汇记忆的背诵是基础,下面小编就为大家介绍GRE词汇记忆速成的办法。1.不要临时抱佛脚——短时间内的词汇记忆在考场上并不可靠。2.运用词频选择记忆词汇效率最高——这就是为什么Barron’sWordList虽...
-
GRE出国考试阅读答题技巧有哪些
第一部分基本知识阅读习惯一、先读题目还是先读文章?一定要先读文章!二、切忌读文章时查词典三、不要逐字读阅读黄金法则:文章中读到什么就是什么,不需要结合其他进行推理。专用六先六后:1、先词汇,后阅读(一般剩余13分钟阅读,5分钟小文章,长文章保证简单题一定做对)...
相关文章
- 英语满分作文:Reading-TheBestMeanstoAcquireknowledge
- MS SQL Server Management Studio Express安装图文具体步骤
- GRE考试中Argument写作技巧大全
- should women work after getting married英语作文
- 关于GREArgument常见误区及解决方法
- GRE写作Issue和Argument的区别及技巧
- 英语优秀作文:M Unfrgettable Experiences
- 公共英语二级写作Preserving Natural Resources
- 牛津译林版九年级上册英语 Unit 3 Teenage problems-Reading 同步练习
- 英语作文:My Generous Grandfather