北京英文导游词大纲

北京位于华北平原北部，背靠燕山，毗邻天津市和河北省。北京的气候为典型的北温带半湿润大陆性季风气候。下面是关于北京英文导游词的内容，欢迎阅读！

北京简介

北京，简称“京”，是中华人民共和国的首都、直辖市、国家中心城市、超大城市、国际大都市，全国政治中心、文化中心、国际交往中心、科技创新中心，是中国共产党中央委员会、中华人民共和国中央人民政府、全国人民代表大会、中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会、中华人民共和国中央军事委员会所在地，也是中部战区司令部驻地。

北京是首批国家历史文化名城和世界上拥有世界文化遗产数最多的.城市，三千多年的历史孕育了故宫、天坛、八达岭长城、颐和园等众多名胜古迹。早在七十万年前，北京周口店地区就出现了原始人群部落“北京人”。公元前1045年，北京成为蓟、燕等诸侯国的都城。公元938年以来，北京先后成为辽陪都、金中都、元大都、明、清国都。1949年10月1日成为中华人民共和国首都。

北京被全球最权威的世界城市研究机构之一GaWC评为世界一线城市[1] 。联合国报告指出，北京人类发展指数居中国城市第二位[2] 。2016年，北京人均可支配收入达到52530元，社会消费品零售总额11005.1亿元[3] 。截至2016年末，北京常住人口2172.9万人，比上年末增加2.4万人，增长0.1%，增量比上年减少16.5万人，增速比上年回落0.8个百分点[4] 。

2015年7月31日，国际奥委会主席巴赫宣布北京携手张家口获得2022年冬季奥林匹克运动会的举办权。北京由此成为全球首个既举办过夏季奥运会又将举办冬季奥运会的城市。

北京英文导游词

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Welcome to the Great Wall. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale River in Leaning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces——Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu and two autonomous regions——Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. Walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today.

The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors.

The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven".

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.