高考英语写作逐字翻译的错误解读

有的同学在写作时，不考虑任何的语法规则，也不顾及任何语言环境，只是靠汉语的字面意思字字翻译。

1. 你比较喜欢什么，足球还是篮球?

误：Do you like better what, basketball or football?

正：Which do you like better, basketball or football?

析：首先，特殊疑问句应该把特殊疑问词放在句首。what和which都可作疑问代词。但what是指不知内容的“什么”，而which是指“哪一个”，一般要有两项或以上供选择的事物。根据句子的补充信息basketball or football可以判断，疑问词应用which。

2. 老板说窗子还没有修好。

误：The boss said the window had not repaired yet.

正：The boss said the window had not been repaired yet.

析：本句的谓语动词应该用被动语态，window在句子中是repair行为的对象，是它的逻辑宾语。

3. 每天起床后，我自己先穿衣服，然后再给弟弟穿衣。

误：After I get up, I dress myself, then I dress coat for my brother every day.

正：After I get up, I dress myself, then I dress my brother every day.

析：dress“给…穿衣”，后面跟人，不能跟衣服。如果按字面翻译，就会译出误句中的dress coat。

4. 他好像看过那场电影。

误：He seemed that he had seen the film.

正：It seemed that he had seen the film.

正：He seemed to have seen the film.

析：seem“似乎、好像”。常用于It seemed / seems that…或sb. seems / seemed to be / do…等句型中。

5. 早起早睡是好习惯。

误：Go to bed early and get up early is a good habit.

正：Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

析：动词原形不能作主语，此句应用动名词作主语。

6. 他们去了一处森林，并在那儿搞了一次野餐。

误：They went to a forest, there they had a picnic.

正：They went to a forest, and there they had a picnic.

正：They went to a forest, where / in which they had a picnic.

析：此或者用where或in which 引导定语从句，或者用and连接前后并列分句。