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2023中考英语知识点数词

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上学期间,大家都没少背知识点吧?知识点是知识中的最小单位,最具体的内容,有时候也叫“考点”。哪些知识点能够真正帮助到我们呢?以下是小编精心整理的2023中考英语知识点数词,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。

2023中考英语知识点数词

中考英语知识点数词 1

Ⅰ.直击中考

数词分为两种:基数词和序数词,表示人或事物数量多少的数词,叫基数词,如one,two,three,ten;表示人或事物的顺序的数词叫序数词,如first,second,third,fourth等。在中考中主要考查的是:

(1)基数词、序数词、分数词、小数、百分数、倍数的表达;

(2)日期、时刻、年代、年龄的表示法;

(3)掌握表数目的名词(如dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等)的有关用法,以及“许多”的表示法。平时备考时,考生应将用基数词或序数词表示物的正确形式加以对比、归纳、总结、熟练掌握以及牢记常用的数位名词所表示的数目大小等。

Ⅱ.知识精讲

1)数词知识结构

2)数词知识点剖析:

A.基数词

1.基数词的构成及读法

①1-12的构成为独立单词

②13-19的构成都以后缀-teen结尾,但thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为不规则变化

③20-90的构成都以后缀-ty结尾,但twenty,thirty,forty,eighty为不规则变化

④21-99的构成是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符-25 twenty-five

⑤三位数101-999的构成要注意百位数和十位数(个位数)之间用and连接。 nine hundred and one

⑥英语中没有“万”这个单位,1000以上而不到100万的数词都用thousand表示

⑦百万 1,000,000:one (a) million

⑧千万 10,000,000:ten million

⑨亿 100,000,000:one (a) hundred million

⑩十亿 1,000,000,000:one (a) thousandmillion(等于美国英语a billion)

注:英语数字中,只有hundred后才加and

2.基数词的作用

①作主语Two of the girls are from California.姑娘中有两个来自加州。

②作表语He is a little over five.他才五岁多一点。

③作宾语Give me two.给我两个。

④作定语The river is about eighty miles long.这条河大约八十英尺长。

⑤作同位语You two take these seats.你们两个坐这里。

3.基数词的特殊用法

(1)表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数形式。如:

in the1990s 20世纪90年代;in ones twenties在某人20多岁时

(2)用在习语中。如:in twos and threes三三两两地

4.基数词的注意事项

(1)几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符"-"连接。如:

eighty-five85;twenty-six 26

(2)三位数的基数词须在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间用and连接。如:three hundred and sixty-five 365;two hundred and six 206

(3)基数词的复数形式。当基数词hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数词或several修饰时,必须用单数。如:

severalhundred years ago几百年前;twothousand students两千个学生

B.序数词

1.序数词的构成

①序数词多数由"基数词-th"构成,序数词前一般加定冠词the

②少数序数词构成属特殊情况

One-first two-second three-thirdfive-fifth

③以y结尾的十位整数,先将y改为i,再加-eththirty-thirtieth

④21以上的多位数,要将末位数改为序数词,前面其他位数仍用基数词eighty-three—eighty-third

⑤序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的后两个字母构成

first-1st second-2nd

2.序数词的用法

①作主语The third of the month was a holiday.

②作表语Who was the third?

③作定语We live on the fifth floor.

④作宾语I was among the first to learn of this.

⑤作同位语Who is that man,thefirst in the front row?

⑥作状语When did you first meet him?

注:有时序数词并不指顺序,而是表示“再一,又一”的意思。此时序数词前要加不定冠词I want to make a second try.

3.序数词的应用

序数词应注意的几点事项:

1.多位数的基数词变成序数词时,只需将末位基数词变成序数词,前边的基数词不变。如:

forty-two 42 forty-second第42

nine-hundred 900 nine-hundredth第900

2.当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时,必须在数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母。

如:21st第21;32nd第32

3.序数词前一般要用定冠词the,如果序数词前用a或an时,则表示“又一;再一”(没有具体范围的限制)。如:

Though he had failed twice,he wanted to try a third time.

The little monkey had had three apples,and he wanted to eat a fourth one.

C.数词表示方法

1.年、月、日、时的写法和读法

①表示日期用序数词,前面加定冠词

3月8日 March the eighth

② 年份一般分为两部分读,先读前两位数,再读后两位数

1949 nineteenforty-nine

③ 以上时间合在一起的写法

1955年10月1日上午10点 10:00 ber 1st,1955

2.分数的表示法

分数由基数词和序数词构成,基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母,除了分子为1的情况,序数词都要用复数形式。带分数中的整数用基数词表示,并用and和分数隔开。

14 one-fourths 3-25 three and two-fifths

3.小数、百分数的表示

1)小数的表示6.4 six point four

2)表示百分数用"基数词+percent(per cent)"形式50% fifty percent

4.年份和日期

1)年份的读法为每两位数读一个词。

如:1950读作nineteen fifty

1800读作eighteen hundred

2000读作two thousand

2)日期的读法有两种

(1)先月后日,日子要读成序数词。

如:9月29日可读作September(the) twenty-ninth

(2)先日后月,在月份之前加Of。

如:9月29日也可读作thetwenty-ninth of September

3)年月日同时出现,年代放在最后,年代前用逗号隔开。

如:2005年2月1日可写成the first ofFebruary ,2005或February( the) first,2005

5.时间和钟点

6:00读作six (oclock)

7:30读作seven thirty/half past seven

9:45读作nine forty-five/a quarter to ten

2:15读作two fifteen/a quarter past two

6.编号的表达

1)事物名词(不加冠词)+基数词。

如:Lesson One,Part Three,ChannelFive,Gate Nine,World War Ⅱ

2)定冠词+序数词+事物名词。

如:the first lesson,the third part,thefifth channel,the ninth gate,

7.加减乘除的英语表达

plus/and加,minus减,time/multiplied by乘,divided by除。如:

1)12 +8=? How much is twelve plus/and eight?

2)40—11=29,Fortyminus eleven is/equals twenty nine.

3)3×6 =18, Three times six is/equals eighteen.

4)56÷7=? How much is fifty-six divided by seven?

Ⅲ.精选易错试题

y year,_____ people go to visit their factory.

A.a thousand of

sands

sand of

sands of

答案:D

解析:数词hundred,thousand,million等后面跟of时,要变复数。排除C。thousand前接具体数字时,后面不能跟of,排除A。thousands后要加of,排除B 故选D

as just finished writing a _________ article.

-hundred-words

-hundreds-word

-hundred-word

-hundreds-words

答案:C

解析:考查复合形容词。带连词符的名词不加s。故选C

3._______people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake.

thousands

sand

sands of

sand of

答案:C

解析:hundred,thousand 如果有具体数字修饰,用单数形式,表示具体数目。表示约数时,用hundreds of ,thousands of 的形式,表示“成百上千的”,“成千上万的”。句意:在日本地震中上千人失去了家园。故选C

year,I visited a chemical factory in Baise,there are about _____ workers in it.

thousands

thousand

thousands of

thousand of

答案:B

解析:thousands of 前面不加具体数词。故排除A 、C。thousand前接具体数字时,后面不能跟of,故排除D 。“六千名工人”的正确表达是“six thousand workers”。故选B

t_______ofthe students in our class were born in the____.

-thirds,1990s

-thirds,1990

-third,1990s

答案:A

解析:分数的分子用基数词,分母为序数词。分子不是一的,分母序数词加S。表示年代的要在后面加“s”。故选A

6.—How often do you exercise?

—__________.

e nd

答案:B

解析:two二,为基数词;twice两次;second第二,为序数词。根据问句“你多久锻炼一次?”故选B

eacher said that__ of the boys would take part in the talent show.

e five

e fives

ds fifths

e fifths

答案:D

解析:分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子不是一的时候,分母要用序数词的复数形式。故选D

rrowis the boy’s ________ birthday.

nth

n

nteen

答案:A

解析:说某某人的第几岁生日时,要用序数词。B和C都是基数词,故选A

9.—Whichis the biggest number of the four?

—_________.

-third

-thirds

C.A half

D.A quarter

答案:C

解析:本题考查分数比值的大小。通过对比可知.故选C

10.—Excuseme,where can I buy a jacket?

—Youcan go to the Mens Wear Section on the_________ floor.

e nd

答案:C

解析:序数词的考查。The后面接序数词,意为“第……”.故选C

,everybody,please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________picture.

h;five

;fifth

h;fifth

;five

答案:B

解析:数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词前没有冠词,序数词前有定冠词the。故选B

12.I don’t believe that this _____ boy canpaint such a nice picture.

years old

-years-old

-year-old

答案:C

解析:five-year-old 这类复合词可以用作形容词,作前置定语。连字符号中间的名字要用单数。故选C

ballis so exciting that _____ people in the world play it.

ion of

ions of

millions of

答案:B

解析:当million与具体的数字连用时,用单数,而且其后也不接of;当millions不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要用复数,而且要后接of,然后才能接名词。

14.—Which room do they live in?

—They live in _________.

A.406 Room

Room 406

406

406 Room

答案:C

解析:表示编号用 名词+基数词。故选C

15.—How was your day off yesterday?

—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________ had a big cake.

ty

tieth

eightieth

答案:B

解析:考查数词的用法。表示“某人多大生日”应该使用序数词,且不需要使用定冠词。故选B

中考英语知识点数词 2

一、基数词和序数词

1. 基数词和序数词的表达方法:

基数词是用于表示数目的多少的词。序数词是表示顺序的先后的词。两者之间可以互相转换。如:

one----first

two---- second

three----third

four----fourth

five----fifth

nine----ninth

eleven----eleventh

twelve----twelfth

thirteen----thirteenth

fourteen----fourteenth

fifteen----fifteenth

twenty----twentieth

twenty-one----twenty-first

twenty-two----twenty-second

twenty-three----twenty-third

twenty-nine----twenty-ninth

thirty----thirtieth

thirty-nine---- thirty-ninth

forty----fortieth

forty-nine----forty-ninth

fifty----fiftieth

fifty-nine----fifty-ninth

ninety-nine----ninety-ninth

2.序数词的用法(举例)

1)经常在其前加the。如:

My brother is the twenty-ninth(二十九) in his class.

我的哥哥在他们班是第29。

His birthday is on April the fifth.

他的生日在4月5号。

2)前面不加the。

(表示比赛名次时)如:

She is first in the math exam.

她在数学考试中得了第一。

I won first in the match.

我在比赛中赢了第一。

(序数词前有其它修饰词时)如:

my first son

我的第一个儿子

I will have my sixteenth (十六)birthday.

我将会过16岁生日。

(用a修饰,表示又一次,再一次)如:

Have a third try, you will do it well.

再试一次,你将会做得好。

3. 数字的读法。如:

322 three hundred and twenty-two

45,682 forty-five thousand six hundred and eighty-two

二、分数

1.分数表达法:

分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子是1时,分母用单数;当分子是复数时,分母用复数。分子和分母之间可以加连字符号,也可以不加。如:

1)three fourths = three quarters四分之三

2)one fourth = a quarter 四分之一

3)five eighths; five-eighths八分之五

2.分数的用法:

分数修饰名词时,经常在其后加of the。分数做主语,谓语要和分数修饰的名词保持一致。如:

1)Twothirds of the students are running.

2/3的学生正在跑。

2)Two thirds of the apple goes bad.

这个苹果的2/3坏了。

三、百分比

1.百分比表达法。如:

five percent 5%

2. 百分比的用法:

百分比修饰名词时,经常在其后加of the。百分比做主语,谓语要和分数修饰的名词保持一致。如:

1)Sixty percent of the students go to school by bus.

60%的学生坐公共汽车上学。

2)Sixty percent of the waterhas been drunk already.

60%的水已经被喝了。

四、hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法:

hundreds of

成百上千

thousands of

成千上万

millions of

上百万

four hundred (and) fifty-sixbooks

456本书

four hundredbooks

400本书

五、时间表达法

1.当分钟数少于30时,用past。如:

6:05 six o five/ five minutes past six

7:10 seven ten/ ten past seven

8:15 eight fifteen/ a quarter past eight

2.当分钟数等于30时,用half past。如:

11:30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven

3.当分钟数大于30时,用to,分钟数用60减去原分钟数,小时数用原小时数加上1。如:

12:35 twelve thirty-five/ twenty-five to one

4.在钟点前用介词at。如:at half past six 在六点半