2017职称英语理工类B级阅读理解名师精讲

阅读理解是职称英语考试中比较重要的一部分，大家在备考的时候要多做阅读习题，以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语理工类B级阅读理解名师精讲，供大家备考。

Black Holes

About computer: computers, live with computer, Electronic Mail, Hacking

2003年理工B阅读理解题：　　New Foods and The New World *(阅读理解部分练习题)　　Please fasten your seatbelts*(阅读理解部分练习题)　　“Salty” rice plant boosts harvest 　　Attached materials:

From A Thirsty World　　主题理解---The world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth’s surface is covered with water…

语言特点：句子结构较简单，多为简单句或简单复合句。　　From “Salty” rice plant boosts harvest

主题理解--- British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.

语言特点：多为简单句或简单复合句，但是文章中也出现了一定数量的结构较为复杂的句子，如：Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

2002年理工A阅读理解题：　　valuing childhood

Hacking *(阅读理解部分练习题)　　Space-Age Archeology

2003年理工A阅读理解题：　　“Salty” rice plant boosts harvest

Living with computer *(阅读理解部分练习题)　　Computers in Cars

You’re far from home on a lonely road. Shadowy forests stretch away on both sides. A thick mist (雾) makes it difficult to see far beyond your car’s windshield (挡风玻璃).

“Can this be route 90A?” you wonder. If it is, you should be near a town. Yet there’s no hint of one. Night is closing in. and you’re low on gasoline.

This is a situation where an in-car computer that can navigate would be a big help.

A car computer that navigates? Yes! Such computers exists. Several experimental models are being tested by General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, and several foreign car markets. These computers vary in details. But they all contain series of maps on Vediodiscs or videotapes. For example, one computer system contains 13,300 maps covering the continental US.

Before starting out on a trip, a driver can type in the code for the region he or she plans to drive through. The computer then shows a map of that region. At the same time, a tiny radio receiver linked to the computer goes to work. It picks up signals from navigation satellites such as the NAVSTAR network. Using these signals, the computer shows a the car’s position at all times and displays this position on the map. The computer can also calculate and display the best route to follow. 　　A navigation computer may also receive and use data about road construction, weather conditions, and traffic jams. This information would be displayed to the driver and the computer would also use the information to work out alternate (交替的) routes.

Most cars nowadays also contain computers that help cars run more efficiently. Microprocessors (微处理机的) control certain engine functions by regulating the mixing of fuel. Data on car speed, oil pressure, revolutions per minute, engine temperature, and fuel level can be displayed as digital data (numbers) or warming lights.

Some auto designers suggest that a central computer display can be used to clearly present such timely information as car speed and fuel level. Warning lights would indicate a drop in oil pressure or a sudden rise in engine temperature. To get more information on these conditions, the driver would call it up on the computer display screen. When needed, the computer could be “asked” to provide navigation aid or information about the car’s condition. 　　 describing a typical situation of a lost driver on the road, the author intend to ____.

A. make us believe how complex the highway computer network is.

B. let us know how in-ca computers are linked to road signs

C. show us how helpful a navigation computer would be

D. tell us that NAVSTAR has come into use.　　2. The word “ navigate” in Paragraph 3 means ___.

A. help one control the traffic　　B. help one find one’s way

C. give a ship correct information about its course

D. direct a plane to its destination　　3. The navigation computers have one thing in common: they all ___.

A. contain series of maps on videodiscs or videotapes

B. contain 13,300 maps covering the continental US

C. can be obtained free of charge

D. cost a lot of money

4. Without signals from navigation satellites, the in-car computer ___.

A. would still be able to locate the car’s position at all times.

B. would fail to locate the car’s position.　　C. would still work out the best route to follow.　　D. would seek help from the radio receiver linked to it.

5. Of the following functions, which is NOT possessed by the navigation computer?

A. Showing a map of the region a driver plans to drive through

B. Predicting a car crash on the road.

C. Getting information about road construction, weather conditions, and traffic jams.

D. Showing the car’s position at all times and displaying it on the map.

答案及解析：　　1.文章主题分析：computers in cars

You’re far from home on a lonely road. Shadowy forests ... A thick mist (雾) ...

… Night is closing in. and you’re low on gasoline.

This is a situation where an in-car computer that can navigate would be a big help.

2. 直接看题，抓住提干中的被选项中所提示的信息。　　 describing a typical situation of a lost driver on the road, the author intend to ____.

A. make us believe how complex the highway computer network is.近

B. let us know how in-ca computers are linked to road signs *

C. show us how helpful a navigation computer would be –与文章主题最接近

D. tell us that NAVSTAR has come into use.

题目分析：细节题。问题问及目的，可能需要考生进行推断/归纳总结。　　被选项分析：(注意结合文章主题—文章标题)判断C最可能是答案。

C.解题分析：借助题干中的核心词(黑体文字)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：

You’re far from home on a lonely road. Shadowy forests stretch away on both sides. A thick mist (雾) makes it difficult to see far beyond your car’s windshield (挡风玻璃).

“Can this be route 90A?” you wonder. If it is, you should be near a town. Yet there’s no hint of one. (与题干内容呼应)Night is closing in. and you’re low on gasoline.

This is a situation where an in-car computer that can navigate would be a big help. (直接答案相关句)

考点分析：总结概括句/复杂结构句。　　补充：　　close in v.包围, 封闭　　low adj. 缺钱的，接近完全耗尽的, 不足的, 贬值的', 贬低的：　　e.g. My savings account is low.我的存款几乎用完了　　e.g. low on supplies供应不足

e.g. have a low opinion of his qualities对他的素质的低的评价

2. The word “ navigate” in Paragraph 3 means ___.

A. help one control the traffic

B. help one find one’s way

C. give a ship correct information about its course *

D. direct a plane to its destination *

题目分析：细节题。问题问某个单词的含义，可能需要考生借助上下文或搭配结构进行判断。

被选项分析：(注意结合文章主题—文章标题)判断C，D不可能是答案。

B.解题分析：找到包含“ navigate”的句子，借助上文语意(或解答上一题所获取的对文章的理解)直接判断答案B。

This is a situation where an in-car computer that can navigate would be a big help.

考点：文章中核心词词义的确认。

3. The navigation computers have one thing in common: they all ___.

A. contain series of maps on videodiscs (录象盘)or videotapes

B. contain 13,300 maps covering the continental US

C. can be obtained free of charge *

D. cost a lot of money *

题目分析：细节题。问题问及文章的内容主体“navigation computers”的共同点，可能需要考生进行推断。

被选项分析：(借助常识判断)判断C，D不可能是答案。

A.解题分析：利用“navigation computers”作为答案线索，注意题干中的修饰词“all”这样在文章中找到答案相关句：

A car computer that navigates? Yes! Such computers exists. Several experimental models are being tested by General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, and several foreign car markets. These computers vary in details. But they all contains series of maps on Vediodiscs or videotapes. For example, one computer system contains 13,300 maps covering the continental US.

考点：考察代词(These (computers))的指代内容。4. Without signals from navigation satellites, the in-car computer ___.

A. would still be able to locate the car’s position at all times.

B. would fail to locate the car’s position.

C. would still work out the best route to follow.

D. would seek help from the radio receiver linked to it.

题目分析：细节题。　　被选项分析：A和B是正反义项，重点注意。　　B.解题分析：利用“navigation satellites”作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到答案相关句：

考点：考察考生的推断总结能力。　　补充：　　pick up : v. 拿起用手拿起(某物), 承载(客人，货物等), 学得通过学习或经历获得(知识)

e.g. pick up a book.捡起一本书　　e.g. The bus picks up passengers at three stops.公共汽车在三个站载送乘客。

e.g. pick up French very quickly. 很快地掌握法语　　pick and choose 很细心地挑选

pick holes in v. 挑剔在…寻找或发现一个或几个错误：　　e.g. pick holes in the argument在论据中找错　　work out v. 通过工作或努力完成, 解决, 制定出,

e.g. worked out the equations解出方程式

e.g. work out a plan. 制定计划　　at work v. 忙于劳动;在工作, 在实行中,

e.g. Im at work on a new project now. 我现在正忙于一个新工程　　e.g. Inflationary forces at work in the economy. 在经济领域中通货膨胀的作用

out of work: (=without a job; unemployed) 没有工作的;未被雇用的题目分析：细节题(是非题)。　　被选项分析：B违背常识，判断其可是答案。　　B.解题分析：利用被选项中的核心词作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到答案相关句：

Before starting out on a trip, a driver can type in the code for the region he or she plans to drive through. The computer then shows a map of that region. (与A呼应)At the same time, a tiny radio receiver linked to the computer goes to work. It picks up signals from navigation satellites such as the NAVSTAR network. Using these signals, the computer shows a the car’s position at all times and displays this position on the map.(与D呼应) The computer can also calculate and display the best route to follow.

A navigation computer may also receive and use data about road construction, weather conditions, and traffic jams.(与C呼应)

考点：当文章内容上涉及较多细节时，可能会出现要求考生直接查找和确认细节的题。　　文章中相关的其他词语和句子：　　Most cars nowadays also contain computers that help cars run more efficiently. Microprocessors (微处理机的) control certain engine functions by regulating the mixing of fuel.

Some auto designers suggest that a central computer display can be used to clearly present such timely information as car speed and fuel level.

Warning lights would indicate a drop in oil pressure or a sudden rise in engine

emperature.

To get more information on these conditions, the driver would call it up on the computer display screen.

Call for: v. 要求;需要　　e.g. work that calls for patience.需要耐心的工作　　call forth v. 唤起，振奋　　e.g. a love song that calls forth sad memories.一首引起我悲伤回忆的爱情歌曲

call up: v. 唤起, 使人忆起, 使出现：　　e.g. stories that call up old times.使人怀旧的故事

call upon v. 命令;要求：

e.g. I call upon you to tell the truth. 我要求你说真话　　When(it is) needed, the computer could be “asked” to provide navigation aid or information about the car’s condition.