2017年职称英语理工阅读理解训练题

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　　Late-Night Drinking

Coffee lovers beware. Having aquick" pick-me-up" cup of coffee late in the day will playhavocwith your sleep. As well as being astimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, hormone that sends people into asleep.

Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak be-tween 2 am and 4 am, before failing again. "It's the neurohormone that controls our sleep tells when to sleep and when to wake, "says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep EpidemiologyResearch Center at Stanford University in California. but researchers in Israel have found that caf-feinated coffee halves the body's levels of this sleep hormone.

Lotan Shilo and ateam at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six vol-unteers slept less well after acup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of de-caf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, comparedwith 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off--twice as long as usual--andjigged around in bed twice as much.

In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hoursand asked them to give aurine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of abreakdown product ofmelatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those indecaf drinkers. In apaper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest thatcaffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives tnelatonin production.

because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends thatcoffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.

The author mentions" pick-me-up" to indicate that__________.

tonin levels need to be raised

ohormone can wake us up

ee is astimulant

f is acaffeinated coffee

参考答案：C

参考解析：pick-me-up指提神饮料，也就是一种刺激物，在这篇文章里具体指咖啡。所以，答案选C。

第37题单选修改

(警告：没有校对)

Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?

eine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.

eine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.

eine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.

eine stays in the body for many hours.

参考答案：C

参考解析： 第二段第三个句子谈到，“控制我们睡眠的是神经激素”，而这一段的最后一个句子告诉我们“含咖啡因咖啡能使这种激素减半”。这正是咖啡因影响睡眠的原因。

What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

erent effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.

erent findings of Lotan Shilo and ateam about caffeine.

fact that the subjects slept 415 tninutes per night after drinking decaf.

proof that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

参考答案：A

参考解析： 第三段涉及的是一个实验，这个实验的目的是测试含咖啡因咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡对睡眠的影响，该段主要谈论的是这个实验的结果。

What does the experiment lnentioned in paragraph 4 prove?

e are more enzymes in decaf drinkers' urine sample.

e are more melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers' urine sample.

f drinkers produce less melatonin.

eine drinkers produce less sleep hormone that decaf drinkers.

参考答案：D

参考解析： 第四段是第三段实验的继续，是该实验的第二阶段。研究人员通过对志愿者尿样进行化验发现，咖啡因摄入者体内的褪黑激素仅为非咖啡因摄入者的一半。褪黑激素就是睡眠激素，所以答案应该选D。

The author of this passage probably agrees that__________ .

ee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee

should not drink coffee after supper

le sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a. m.

we feel sleepy at night,we should go to bed immediately

参考答案：B

参考解析： 文章结尾谈到，“Ohayon建议爱喝咖啡的人午饭后应该换喝脱咖啡因咖啡”。另外，整篇文章都在探讨咖啡因影响睡眠的机理，所以，作者大概会同意“晚饭后不应该喝咖啡”的说法。选项A是一个全称判断，这等于说“所有喜欢喝咖啡的人都比不喝咖啡的人睡觉少”。这不一定，因为如果咖啡适量，喝咖啡的时间适当，咖啡不会影响睡眠。所以，作者可能不会同意这种说法。根据文章第二段第二句，选项C是错的。根据文章第二段第一个句子，我们体内的褪黑激素(睡眠激素)的.浓度在我们上床时间前两小时开始上升，而这个时候我们会开始有困意。反过来说就是，人们并非一有困意就睡觉。所以，选项D不是答案。

　　Long bus Ride

Long bus rides are like television shows. They have nning, amiddle, and an end--with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. Theyhappen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes glides by outside thebus window. "buy Super Clean Toothpaste. " "Drink Good'n Wet Root beer. " "Fill up with Pa-cificGas. " Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared theunending cry of "You Need It! buy It Now!"

The beginning of the ride is and somewhat exciting, even if you've traveled thatway before. Usually some things have changed--new houses, new buildings, sometimes even anew road. The bus driver has e of driving and it's fun to try to figure it out the first hour orso. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as ense story.

Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane?

After awhile, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for awhile helps pass the middlehours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. but you've got to be careful ofwhat kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.

The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there'sakind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder as the hourshave passed. by now you've sat with your legs crossed, with your hands crossed behind your head.

The end comes just at the right time. There are just no more ways to sit.

According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on bus trip?

on the road.

s on television.

rtisements on the board.

stations.

参考答案：C

参考解析：第一段中介绍了乘客在坐长途车过程中所见的是广告牌。the commercials是“商业广告”的意思;是“广告牌”的意思，即advertisements on the board。

What is the purpose of this passage?

give the writer's opinion about long bus trips.

persuade you to take along trip.

explain how bus trips and television shows differ.

describe the s along the road.

参考答案：A

参考解析：全文主要介绍作者对乘车长途旅行的感受。因此选择A。

The writer of this passage would probably favor__________.

drivers who weren't reckless

ing alone

vision set on the bus

s along the road

参考答案：D

参考解析： 第一段作者说到“The commercials are happen whether you wantthem or not.”商业广告不可避免，无论你是否需要，它都会出现。也说到“Only if yousleep…are you spared the unending cry of‘Yon Need It!buy It Now!”’只有睡觉才能躲避广告。由此可以推断出作者不喜欢沿途的广告牌。

The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because__________.

commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun

both have abeginning, amiddle, and an end, with commercials in between

drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses

traveling and watching TV are not exciting

参考答案：B

参考解析： 根据文章第一段第一句和第二句“乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有开端、有情节、也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告”，选项B.是正确的。

The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are__________.

ting

ortable

ng

ng

参考答案：A

参考解析： 根据文章第二段第一句“旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的”和第三段第二句“你知道旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋”选项A正确。