2017年职称英语试题《卫生C》阅读理解练习题

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　U. S. Life Expectancy Hits New High

Life expectancy rates in the United States are at an all-time high, with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years, a new federal study finds.

The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in 1955, when the average American lived to be 69.6 years old. By 1995, life expectancy was 75.8 years, and by2005, it had risen to 77.9 years, according to the report released Wednesday.

"This is good news." said report co-author Donna Hoyert, a health scientist at the National Center for Health Statistics. "It's even better news that it is a continuation of trends, so it is a long period of continuing improvement."

Despite the upward trend, the United States still has a lower life expectancy than some 40 other countries, according to the U. S. Census (人口普查)Bureau. The country with the longest life expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Japan, Macau, San Marino and Singapore.

Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in the country-heart disease, cancer and stroke.

In addition, in 2005, the U. S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than- 800 deaths per100,000.

Dr. David Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine, said, "News that life expectancy is increasing is, of course, good. But the evidence we have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U. S."

Adding years to life is a good thing, Katz said. "But adding vital life to years is at least equally important. If we care about living well, and not just longer, we still have our work cutout for us." he said.

6. Since 1955, life expectancy rates in the U. S. have ___________.

A. moved up and down

B. been declining

G. remained steady

D. been on the rise

7. Compared with the country with the longest life expectancy, the U. S. is__________.

A. nearly 3 years behind

B. nearly 4 years behind

C. nearly 6 years behind

D. nearly 8 years behind

8. The increase in the U. S. life expectancy is mostly due to __________.

A. declining death rates from heart disease, cancer and stroke

B. increasing life expectancy rates in some other countries

C. a rise in the rate of chronic disease

D. a declining birth rate

9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The U. S. life expectancy is at an all-time high.

B. The U. S. death rate was at an all-time low in 2005.

C. Chronic disease appears to be at an all-time high in the U. S.

D. The annual death rate in the U. S. is over 800 deaths per 100,000.

10. The expression "adding vital life to years" in the last paragraph means__________.

A. living longer

B. living well

C. living longer and well

D. living at any cost

　　答案与解析：

6.D。细节题。题干：自1955年以来，美国的预期寿命__________。利用题干中的时间数字可以定位到短文的头两段，即自从1955年起，美国人均预期寿命不断增加这一趋势一直在延续。

7. C。细节题。题干：与寿命最长的国家相比，美国__________。利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致的原则和题干关键词可以定位到短文的第四段，即预期寿命最长的国家是安哥拉，为83.5岁，而美国只有78岁，因此相差大约6岁。

8. A。细节题。题干：美国人寿命增加主要是因为__________。利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致的`原则和题干关键词可以定位到短文的第五段，即美国预期寿命的增加很大程度上归功于三大主要疾病——心脏病、癌症和中风——导致的死亡率下降。

9.D。细节题。题干：下列那一项是不对的?利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致的原则和选项关键词可以定位到短文的第六段，即在2005年，美国的死亡率降至有史以来最低水平，每10万人中只有不到800人死去。短文并没有说美国的年死亡率为每10万人超过800人。

10.B。词汇题。题干：短语“adding vital life toyears”的意思是__________。这个短语指的是“生活质量的提高”。