2015托福口语备考重点分析

　　一、Merriam-Webster

adj. or adv.

rnished

down and dirty truth

or done hastily:not revised or polished

and dirty solution

ed by or given to fierce often unscrupulous competition

and dirty campaigning

y

and dirty sexuality

y

e.g. a down and dirty neighborhood

ting to or involved with what is crudely basic and practical

e.g down and dirty detail

　　二、影视《好汉两个半(Two and a Half Men)》

[Cut to the house. Charlie and a group of questionable men are sitting around the table playing poker. Jake is hovering near Charlie.]

Man: Alright, last card, down and dirty. King’s bet.

Man 2: Dollar.

Man 3: I’m in.

Man 4: In.

Charlie: I’ll see the dollar and raise it five.

The term commonly used by seven-card stud poker players. This phrase refers to the last card dealt in 7 card stud because it is dealt face down and can change the potential of winning or drawing out.

A player will use the phrase right before the last card is dealt out "one more card, down and dirty".

文化背景介绍：七张牌梭哈扑克(Seven Card Stud) 是梭哈扑克游戏最受欢迎的一种，牌手在2到8个人之间。每个牌手总共都会被发给7张牌，3张面向下，4张面向上。

第七张也是最后一张牌盖着发给每个牌手。 进程和前面一样，所有的活动都必须符合高限定级别。有非常少见的情况是8个牌手在这个阶段仍然都在场，可能没有足够的牌发给每个人，如果发生这种情况，就不给每个人发牌，而是拿出一张牌朝上放在桌子中间作为公用牌，牌手可以自由选择看能否组成一手最好的牌。

摊牌(Showdown) - 在最后一轮下注后还没有盖牌的牌手现在可以选择把他们手里的牌都亮出来，希望可以拿走彩池中的`赌注。最后下注的人第一个摊牌，然后按顺时针进行，任何一个幸存的牌手可以选择出示他们的牌或把牌扔掉。通常情况下如果牌手觉得自己不会赢的话，他们都会选择扔掉手里的牌而不想让对手看到手中的牌。

　　三、网络释义

Down就是下面，down and dirty这个习惯用语是指在采取行动的时候不顾一般的行为准则，不考虑这一行动是否公平，是否正当。

这个习惯用语经常用描述那种依靠造谣，欺骗和诬蔑来获胜的政治竞选。下面讲话的人告诉我们一个大城市竞选市长的情况。他说：

The papers all say this campaign was as down and dirty as any they can remember. Both sides circulated unfounded rumors and spread stories about the other candidate's personal life. The voters were glad when it was all over.

这个人说：各个报纸都说，在他们记忆中，这次竞选是最尔虞我诈的一次。双方都传播一些毫无根据的谣传，散布有关候选人私生活的消息。竞选结束后，选民们都很高兴，因为这次竞选总算是过去了。

This guy ran a real down and dirty campaign; every day he started more rumors about our man's honesty and personal life. But the voters saw he was lying so we easily beat him.

这家伙为了赢得竞选真是不择手段。他每天都散布谣言中伤我们候选人的品德和私生活。好在选民看透了他在撒谎，所以我们轻而易举就把他击败了。

down and dirty中的dirty就解释为“不正当的, 卑鄙的”，而down在这儿的意思是下流阴险的。所以down and dirty表示的意思类似于dirty pool和shady deal, 都指正派人不屑于做的卑鄙勾当。

　　四、The Daily

The Daily Beast’s Down + Dirty Guide to Colleges Methodology

College rankings are ubiquitous, confusing, and often indiscriminate. The Daily Beast’s Down + Dirty Guide to the Best Colleges aims to change that, ranking schools primarily on what students actually care about: their shot at getting a good job, and making a good living.