2023下半年英语四级考试阅读备考练习题

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英语四级考试阅读备考练习题

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has fund that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to haunt (困扰) you—appears to be the key to the finding.

Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.

His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practised at that form of communication.

But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.

People are also more likely to lie in real time—in a instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous (脱口而出的) responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

Hancock hopes his research will help companies work our the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.

57. Hancock’s study focuses on ________.

A) the consequences of lying in various communications media

B) the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

C) people are less likely to lie in instant messages

D) people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

58. Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that ________.

A) people are less likely to lie in instant messages

B) people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

C) people are most likely to lie in email communication

D) people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

59. According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

A) They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.

B) They believe that honesty is the best policy.

C) They tend to be relaxed when using those media.

D) They are most practised at those forms of communication.

60. According to Hancock the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because ________.

A) salesmen can talk directly to their customers

B) salesmen may feel less restrained to exaggerate

C) salesmen can impress customers as being trustworthy

D) salesmen may pass on instant messages effectively

61. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A) honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

B) more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

C) suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

D) email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

参考答案：

57. D 58. A 59. A 60.B 61. C

大学英语四级考试专项练习题

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B) ,C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false,

of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellowworker and accomplice(同谋).

If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess(委婉之处), from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirtytwo chapters of anovel—if we consider how to read a novel first—are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you—how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.

does the author mean by saying “Yet few people ask from books what books can give us.”?

author means that lots of people read few books.

author thinks that readers have only absorbed part of knowledge in books.

author holds that few people have a proper idea about what content some kind of books should include.

author considers that readers can scarcely understand most of the books.

rding to the passage, which of the following statement is right?

A.A reader should find some mistakes when he is reading.

more difficult a book is, the more you can get from it.

read something is easier than to watch something.

should be in the same track with the writer when he is reading.

is the possible meaning of “impalpable” (Paragraph 2) in the passage?

ise.

’s the main idea of this passage?

importance of reading.

proper way to read.

to get most from one book.

characters of a good book.

a writer is writing he often get the whole conception ____.

r a long time’s thinking

ugh an instant inspiration

rding to his own experience

way of watching the objects attentively

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

According to the dictionary definition of “create”, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist”—something each of us does daily.

We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sese to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss.

A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun,” the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph.

A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another.

These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our daytoday activities.

h of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage?

prepare a meal.

arrange the furniture in a peculiar way.

buy some books from a bookstore.

“write” a letter with the computer.

author holds that ____.

tivity is of highly demand

tivity is connected with a deep insight to some extent

tivity is to create something new and concrete

practise and practise is the only way to cultivate one’s creativity

28.“There is nothing new under the sun.” (Par.3) really implies that ____.

can seldom create new things

B.a new thing is only a tale

C.a new thing can only be created at the basis of original things

can scarcely see really new things in the world

does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice?

’s more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice.

find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing.

may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice.

D.A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.

best title for this passage is ____.

to Cultivate One’s Creativity

is Creativity

Importance of Creativity

tivity—a Not Farway Thing

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.

I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar(讨论会). The professor didn’t act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a reseacher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic(语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal(情态的) verbs—far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, “This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong.” or “You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.”

In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question. I still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure about it.

Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their English composition. The examinations in America usually do not test a student’s ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking.

the USA, when the students are in class, ____.

A.a Chinese student tends to be very active

American student likes to make trouble

C.a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacher

American student tends to be vigorous

32.A teacher in the USA prefers to ____ when he answers questions.

very sincere very direct

very selfconfident very indifferent

is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods between China and the USA?

thinks that Chinese teaching metods can make students learn more.

holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students’ remembrance.

thinks that American teaching is abilityoriented.

holds that American teachers hate to give a test.

author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is ____.

intimate in China er in China

er in USA harmonious in USA

education in USA may produce some ____ graduates.

ative entional

tive inative

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Online courses (also called distance learning) are a hot new trend in American education. According to the nonprofit Distance Education and Training Council,about 400 US colleges and schools offer some portion of their programs on the Web. At the university level, they cost the same as traditional classes and require similar weekly assignments and textbook reading, the difference is in class participation.

Generally speaking, students congregate(使聚集) online throughout each week to explore topic with the professor, but these discussions occur “asynchronously(不同时发生地)” rather than in real time. (You read others’ comments and post your own whenever you get a chance.) Written assignments are posted, you email in your work periodically, and you’re required to take a proctored exam in order to receive degree credit. Careerboosting business administration and information technology programs are the most popular, but you’ll also find a variety of literal arts offerings, from film theory to medieval history and foreign language study. While you still can’t get an Ivy League degree online, a growing number of elite(卓越的) institutions, including Stanford and New York University are beginning to offer online courses.

The benefits for busy people are obvious. “I always get a frontrow seat,” says one student studying at the State University of New York Learning Network.“I can get up in the middle of class, grab a cup of coffee. The class is waiting for me when I get back, and I haven’t missed a thing.” On the other hand, some students miss the facetoface interaction that often sparks interest and involvement.

rally speaking, online education costs ____.

than the traditional one

than the traditional one

much as the traditional one

author hasn’t mentioned

major way to hand out assignments of online students is ____.

hand out them in person

post them

email in them

let the teacher enter into their personal main pages

h kind of program is probably NOT welcomed by most of the students?

ware development. ration and design.

rnational trade. any management.

closest meaning of “Ivy League” (Par. 2) ____.

us universities in USA

us business colleges in USA

us companies in USA

ersities with a long history

is implied that in USA ____.

ne education will take the place of the traditional one soon

e are only a few online programs until now

need not take part in the exam in order to receive a diploma by way of online education

can not receive a degree certificate of New York University through distant learning

公共英语四级考试预测练习题

ection ii use of english (10 points)

read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c, and d on answer sheet 1.

the loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world. according to most calculations, 21 most of the 1945-1970 period the united states had a standard of living well 22 europes and many times above the world 23 . yet 24 about grinding poverty, hunger, and dreadful need precede more from the united states than from countries with one-fortieth of their living standard. an annual per capita income of eight dollars is 25 of much of africa and asia and not a little of south america. it would seem strange to these people 26 they only aware of the fact that american radicals demand a 27 from an american 28 to the far corners of the globe so that the money thus saved can be spent raising the standard of living of 29 americans. what this last point suggests is not so much that human 30 are never to be satisfied though this is doubtlessly true, and the american suburbanite 31 of his second car and his color tv suffers just as 32 as an african farmer in need of a second cow and a screen door. rather, it suggests the 33 of contemporary breach of social 34 the emancipation of the individual self. people have learned to consider any 35 to personal fulfillment an 36 insult. they have greatly expanded the circle of self-awareness. they no longer accept sharp limitations on individual desires in the 37 of the group. the amount of potential human discontent has always been 38 - misery, failure, misfitting, bitterness, hatred, envy 39 telling. it has usually failed of 40 , and in the past it was accepted passively as being beyond help.

21、 a. until

b. through

c. in

d. onto

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】b

22、 a. over

b. above

c. against

d. below

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】b

23、 a. average

b. common

c. mean

d. ordinary

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】a

24、a. storms

b. rage

c. protests

d. fury

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】c

25、 a. now that

b. regardless

c. ignorant

d. typical

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】d

26、 a. was

b. being

c. were

d. to be

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】c

27、a. retreat

b. compromise

c. restraint

d. detachment

(本题分值：0.5分)【正确答案】a

28、a. confinement

b. comm

英语四级考试词汇语法练习题及答案

1. The mother sat by the window____the hole in her coat.

A. healing B. resuming C. mingling D. patching

2. The owner of the auto plant refused to raise the workers’ wages, saying that it would ____the profit.

A. cut off B. cut short C. cut into D. cut up

3. Her ____ to executive manager is an acknowledgement of her hard work and unusual talent.

A. profession B. occupation C. resignation D. promotion

4. We had to learn to work with others and many of our own ideas had to be____for the good of the whole.

A. thrown away B. compensated C. brushed aside D. neglected

5. The old couple were not rich themselves, but they hated to turn away anyone who were____ food and shelter.

A. at the mercy of B. on the point of C. with the exception of D. in need of

6. The clumsy movement of the giant panda amused all the____.

A. visitors B. witnesses C. watchers D. spectators

7. He wanted very much to run for a second term, but owing to poor health, he was ____to give it up.

A. driven B. permitted C. rebuked D. compelled

8. You can ____different kinds of people, dictionaries or encyclopedia to find out what you wish to know.

A. contact B. contain C. consult D. convert

9. Part of the lake has been polluted. You can see the water is covered with ____oil.

A. a coat of B. a story of C. a film of D. a pad of

0. Applications have poured in____assignments to remote regions of the country.

A. requiring B. begging C. requesting D. awaiting

1. In his____to further his knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.

A. endeavor B. expedition C. trail D. chase

2. After a careful examination, the doctor____a new medical and a two-day rest for the patient.

A. described B. inscribed C. prescribed D. transcribed

3. The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made her ____.

A. shake B. sweat C. shiver D. swing

4. The groom’s hand____the soft mane of the horse.

A. struck B. provoked C. fondled D. remarked

5. If the right kind of extracurricular activities is organized, those children who have a(an)____of energy will have a chance to develop their talents much more quickly.

A. consumption B. exploration C. exhaustion D. excess

参考答案：

1. 答案 D

【参考译文】 妈妈坐在窗边补衣服上的洞。

【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “heal”含义为“治疗”，“resume”含义为“恢复”;“mingle”含义为“使混合”;“patch”含义为“补……”。根据句意，D最合适。

2. 答案 C

【参考译文】 车厂老板拒绝涨工人工资，说那会减少公司利润。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “cut off”含义为“切断”;“cut short”含义为“中断”;“cut into”含义为“侵犯(利益)”;“cut up”含义为“切碎”。根据句意，C最合适。

3. 答案 D

【参考译文】 她被升为执行经理是对她工作努力且有非凡才能的确认。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “profession”含义为“职业”;“occupation”含义为“职业，工作”;“resignation”含义为“辞职”;“promotion”含义为“提升”。根据句意，D最适合。

4. 答案 C

【参考译文】 我们不得不学会与他们一起工作且很多个人想法要为了全局利益而抛弃。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “throw away”含义为“扔掉”;“compensate”含义为“补偿”;“brushaside”含义为“不顾”;“neglect”含义为“忽视”。根据句意，C最合适。

5. 答案 D

【参考译文】 那对老夫妻自己并不富有，但他们不却不愿拒绝帮助那些需要食宿的人。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “at the mercy of”含义为“在……支配中”;“on the point of”含义为“正要……时……”;“with the exception of”含义为“除……之外”;“in need of”含义为“需要……”。根据句意，D最适合。

6. 答案 D

【参考译文】 大熊猫笨拙的举动逗笑了所有的观看者。

【试题分析】 本题是近义词辨析题。

【详细解答】 “visitor”含义为“参观者”;“witness”含义为“见证人”;“watcher”含义为“看守人”;“spectator”含义为“观众”。根据句意，D最合适。

7. 答案 A

【参考译文】 他很想参加第二轮竞争，但因为身体不好，他不得不放弃。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “driven”含义为“出于不得已的”;“permit”含义为“同意，允许”;“rebuke”含义为“排斥”;“compel”含义为“迫使屈服”。根据句意，A最合适。

8. 答案 C

【参考译文】 你可以通过查询不同的人，字典或百科全书来找到你想要知道的。

【试题分析】 本题是形近词辨析题。

【详细解答】 “contact”含义为“接触、联络”;“contain”含义为“包含”;“consult”含义为“查询，咨询”;“convert”含义为“转变，转换”。根据句意，C最合适。

9. 答案 C

【参考译文】 湖被部分污染了。你可以看见水面上覆盖着一层油。

【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “a coat of”含义为“一层…涂层”;“a story of”含义为“一层……楼”;“a film of”含义为“一薄层……”;“a pad of”含义为“一层……垫层”。根据句意，C最合适。

10. 答案 C

【参考译文】 要求赴边的申请不断涌来。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “require”含义为“需要，要求，命令”;“beg”含义为“乞求”;“request”含义为“请求，要求”;“await”含义为“等候”。根据句意，C最合适。

11. 答案 A

【参考译文】 试图发展对宇宙的了解，人类已经开始探索太空。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “endeavor”含义为“试图”;“expedition”含义为“远征”;“trail”含义为“追踪”;“chase”含义为“追逐”。根据句意，A最合适。

12. 答案 C

【参考译文】 在仔细检查后，医生给病人开了一种新药和两天休假。

【试题分析】 本题是形近词辨析题。

【详细解答】 “describe”含义为“描述”;“inscribe”含义为“题写”;“prescribe”含义为“开处方”;“transcribe”含义为“抄写，译”。根据句意，C最合适。

13. 答案 C

【参考译文】 那个女孩衣服穿得太薄，一阵冷风使她全身发抖。

【试题分析】 本题为词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “shake”含义为“摇动，抖动”;“sweat”含义为“出汗”;“shiver”含义为“颤抖，哆嗦”;“swing”含义为“摆动”。根据句意，C最合适。

14. 答案 C

【参考译文】 马夫的手抚摸马的软鬃毛。

【试题分析】 本题为词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “stick”含义为“刺”;“provoke”含义为“挑逗”;“fondle”含义为“爱抚，抚弄”;“remark”含义为“觉察”。根据句意，C最合适。

15. 答案 D

【参考译文】 如果能组织更好的课外活动，那些有余力的孩子就有机会更快地发展自己的能力。

【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。

【详细解答】 “consumption”含义为“消费”;“exploration”含义为“探险”;“exhaustion”含义为“竭尽”;“excess”含义为“额外的”。根据句意，D最合适。

公共英语等级考试四级模拟练习题

1. _____ a pen, two books and a pencil-box on the desk.

A. There have B. There is

C. There are D. There was

答案： C

解析： 宾语为复数。

2. The students will put off the match until next week, _____ they won’t be so busy.

A. since B. as C. when D. while

答案： C

解析： 这是一个定语从句，when定的是逗号前的next week.

3. She ought to go by plane, _____?

A. wouldn’t she B. shouldn’t she

C. should she D. would she

答案： B

解析： ought to 的否定表示为shouldn’t。

4. So badly _____ in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital for treatment.

A. did he injure B. injured he was

C. he was injured D. was he injured

答案： D

解析： 他在事故中受伤如此严重，所以被送往医院治疗了;注意以so开头的句子要倒装。

5. This test is for students _____ native language is not English.

A. that B. of whom C. whose D. which

答案： C

解析： 表达“什么的…”或“谁的…”时，用whose来引导;这句话的意思是：这次测试是针对那些本族语不是英语的学生的。