2015年大学英语六级考试语法讲解：状语从句

状语从句：两个独立的`句子中间用一些含义不同的连接词连接;状语从句用来表达两个句子之间的逻辑关系;分成原因状语、条件状语、结果状语、时间状语、地点状语、让步状语、目的状语、比较状语、方式状语等九大类型;

eg：I got up late.

I was late for school.

Because I got up late, I was late for school. (原因状语从句)

I got up late，so I was late for school. (结果状语从句)

　　1. 地点状语：

地点状语从句通常由where, wherever，everywhere 引导;

eg：Where I live there are plenty of trees.

Wherever you work, you will gain much valuable experience as long as you are willing to work.

Wherever=no matter where

Everywhere they went, they were warmly received.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

where：不能翻译成在……地方时，通常翻译为如果，表示在……条件下;

eg: Where you are confident，you will succeed.

eg：Where previously the bank had concentrated on the big infrastructure projects , such as dams, roads and bridges，it begin to switch to projects which directly improved the basic services of a country. concentrated on ：集中于;

　　2、目的状语从句

可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导;

lest：以防;从句中的谓语动词必须用should+动词原形;

eg: He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.

He took the umbrella with him lest it should rain.

in case：以防;与lest不同，从句里的时态不做特殊变化;

eg：Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.

for feat that：和lest保持一致;

eg：A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down.

let…down…：让……感到气馁;

　　3、结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导;so保留，that可以省略;如此……以至于……;

eg：He didn’t abide by the contract so that he was fined.

He was so excited that he couldn’t fall asleep.

He made such an inspiring speech that everybody got excited.

比较：so和 such (1)so：so +形容词、副词+that;so+形容词+a/an+名词+that;

eg：The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.

He run so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.

It was so hot a day that crops wilted.

He is so lovely a boy that everyone loves him.

(2)such：such+a/an+形容词+名词+that

eg：It was such a hot day that crops wilted.

He is such a lovely boy that everyone loves him.