初中英语语法：名词解析

名词复数的特殊变化。

普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。这些小调皮是：

a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es;

b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es;

c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es;

d. 以-o结尾的`名词，一般来说，末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词，变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。

e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans;

f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。好记好记。 people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。the English，the French，the Chinese等名词表示国民总称时，也作复数用。

注意：maths，politics，physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾，仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国)，the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。

别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。

a. man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers， women teachers。

b. 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路，two-hundred trees 两百棵树。

哇!这些问题好复杂，我好想轻松一下。那我们就轻轻松松地面对名词所有格问题。

这里面内容可谓少之又少，可也不能小视呦。

名词所有格：

表示“……的”通常是在名词的后面加-s，如：Children's day，father's shoes。但以-s结尾的名词因为已经有s了，只需加 ' 就OK了。如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，.则表示“分别有”。.如：John's and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间);两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示"共有"。如：John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间)。

还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。

好，名词部分我们已经学完，It's a piece of cake? 接下来到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，

Are you ready?

练习：

1. All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.

A. women …girls

B. women… girl

C. woman…girls

D. woman…girl

2. Mr Black is a friend of _________.

A. Jack's aunt's

B. Jack's aunt

C. Jack aunt's

D. aunt's of Jack

3. This toy was made by a ____ boy.

A. ten-year-old

B. ten-years-old

C. ten-year-older

-years-older

4. The farmer raised ten _________.

A. sheeps

B. deers

C. horse

D. cows

5. She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.

A. her grandmother

B. her grandmother's

C. her grandmothers'

D. that of her grandmother

6. We have moved into a ________.

A. two- storey house

B. house of two storey

C. two-storeys house

D. two storeys house

7. The ______ was too much for the child to carry.

A. box's steel

B. box of a steel

C. steel box

D. box of the steel

8. We'll give our English teacher a card for _________.

A. the Teacher's Day

B. Teacher's Day

C. a Teacher's Day

D. Teachers' Day

9. Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday.

A. he

B. him

C. his

D. her

10. _________are big and bright.

A. The classroom window

B. The window of the classroom

C. The windows of the classroom

实战：

1. Don't worry. Your son will come back in ______hour.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

2. This nice blouse isn't mine. It's ______.

A. you

B. your

C. Lucy

D. yours

3. What's " potato" in Chinese? -It's _____ .

A. 香蕉

B. 大白菜

C. 西红柿

D. 土豆

4. The ninth month of a year is _______.

A. December

B. November

C. September

D. October

D. The classroom's windows

5. A: Must I leave now?

B: No, you _______.

A. needn't

B. mustnt

C. don't

D. won't

6. We have a history lesson ______Wednesday afternoon.

A. on

B. of

C. at

D. to

7. Suan has made quite ______friends since she came to China.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

8. A: Have you ever ______to the West Lake?

B: Yes, I ______there last winter.

A. gone, went

B. been, went

C. gone , have been

D. been, have

9. Do you ________English?

A. tell

B. say

C. talk

D. speak

10. A: May I _______your ruler?

B: OK, I'm glad to _______it to you.

A. lend, borrow

B. lend, lend

C. borrow , lend

D. borrow, borrow

11. We'll go to the museum if it _______tomorrow.

A. can't rain

B. won't rain

C. don't rain

D. doesn't rian

12. Do you know ________?

A. where does he study

B. he studies where

C. where he studies

D. he where studies

13. A: _______do you go to see your grandparents?

B: Once a month

A. How often

B. How long

C. how much

D. how many

14. A: Would you like another cup of orange?

B: ______I'm full.

A. No, thanks

B. Yes, please.

C. Here it is.

D. I don't like.

15. You must be tired. Why not ________a rest?

A. to stop to have

B. stop having

C. stop to have

D. to stop having