英语词汇的修辞作用

注意英语词汇的修辞作用能提高语言的表达效果，使文章生动而形象，从而吸引读者的注意力。常用的修辞手段有：

　　(1)明喻(simile)

明喻是指本体和喻体都出现的比喻，本体和喻体之间常用“as”或“like”之类的喻词连接起来。例如：

The flames，like a form of wildlife，crept as a lion creeps on its belly toward its prey.

　　(2)暗喻(metaphor)

暗喻也是一种本体和喻体都出现的比喻，但是没有“as”或“like”之类的喻词来进行连接。例如：

From the burning look in his eyes，I knew he was angry with me.

　　(3)拟人(personification)

拟人是把一般生物或无生命的`东西、抽象事物当人来写，赋予它人的动作行为或思想感情。例如：

“Help，let me in，please let me in.”But the house was cold，closed，unfriendly...

　　(4)借代(metonymy)

借代指的是不直接说出某人或某物的本名，而用和这个人或这种事物有不可分割关系的名称来代替。例如：When the war was over，he laid down thesword and took up the pen.

　　(5)夸张(hyperbole)

夸张指的是根据表达的需要，对客观事物的某些方面故意铺张，“言过其实”，加以适当的扩大。例如：

On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university，he whisperedto himself，“I'm the luckiest man in the world.”

　　(6)转类修饰语(transferred epithet)

转类修饰语指的是将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如：

She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights.