小学英语基础知识汇总

小学的英语知识注重的是基础，对于英语的从句和其他进阶要求不高，YJBYS小编觉得小学生应该先了解这些：

　　一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能：

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

注意：(我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。)

　　行为动词：

主语+行为动词(+其它)

如：We study English.我们学习英语。

注意：(当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。)

一般现在时的变化：

　　1. be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be+其它

He is a worker. 他是工人。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

(be动词移到句首)

如：I am a student.

-Are you a student?

-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：My bike is under the tree.

Is your bike under the tree?

Where is your bike?

　　2.行为动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

如：I like bread. I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如：He ofter plays football.

He doesn't often play football.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。(句首加助动词do, does)

如：I often play football.

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

- Does she go to school by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

Does she go to school by bike?

How does she go to school?

　　动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

　　现在进行时

1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的.活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。(句中一般含有now, look, listen.)

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Tom is not reading books in his study .

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study ?

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句?

(注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing)

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study ?

Is Tom reading books in his study ?

What is Tom doing in his study?

Where is Tom reading books?

　　动词加ing的变化规则

1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping