高中英语定语从句

英语定语从句在高中是重点知识之一，以下是小编分享的高中英语定语从句，一起来阅读吧！

一、定语从句之结构

定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。

定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。

从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。

排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：

1）Three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack.三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象。

在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中：signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词；that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句

2）Those who drink a lot. 那些大量饮酒的人。

在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中：those是：被修饰的`名词； who是：关系词;

定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 句子 (其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)

二、定语从句讲解

（一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。

结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.

2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.

3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.

4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.

5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.

6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.

（二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：

限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。

非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。

1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, whichgrew to a terrible roar.

2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.

3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.

4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.

（三）关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词，这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.

1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.

2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.