高考定语从句考点分析

定语从句是英语语法中重要的知识点之一,是高考必考的知识点，分享了高考定语从句考点给大家阅读！

　　考点一：that的用法

关系代词that既可指人又可指物，除了做定语（用whose）以外,其他的功能都可用that。但命题角度主要考查that和which的区别，which只能指物，以及只用that的用法如不定代词，先行词有形容词最高级或序数词等时。

1. Do you have anything in mind_____you’d like for supper?

——Well,_____is OK with me.

anything B which everything C what whatever D where something

2. The wrong you’vedone him is terrible, for_____ you should make an apology to him, I think.

A. this B. which C. what D. that

　　考点二：非限制性定语从句中的which

在非限制性定语从句中,which既起连接的作用,又在从句中充当一定的句子成分(主语、宾语或表语);放在主句之后,指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容。

1. Myfriend showed me round the town, _______was very kind of him.(09全国卷II)

A. which C. where D. it

2. TheScience Museum, _______we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one ofLondon’s tourist attractions. (08江苏)

A. which B. what C. that D. where

　　考点三：关系副词（尤其是where）

关系副词where,when在定语从句中既起连接作用,同时又在从句中充当状语,分别表地点、时间。选用关系副词的关键是要求正确分析从句主干结构,选词必须符合句子的逻辑意义。

1. It’shelpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselvesdifferently. (09福建)

A. that B. when C. which e

2. Theywill fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two or three days.(08重庆)

A. where e C. which D. when

　　考点四：关系代词whose

whose在定语从句中充当名词的定语,构成“whose + 名词”的形式;既可以表示某人的,又可以表示某物的。其最显著的特点是空格后的名词缺少限定词。

1. Aperson ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.(09天津)

A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

2. Lookout! Don’t get too close to the house_______roof is under repair. (06福建)

A. whose B. which C. of which D. what

　　考点五：介词 + which或whom

1. Guncontrol is a subject _______Americans have argued for a long time. (09陕西)

A. ofwhich B. with which C. about which D. into which

2. Bynine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _______ appeared a rare rainbowsoon.(08福建)

A. ofwhich B. on which C. from which D. above which

答案解析

　　考点一：that的.用法

1. 选A 第一空引导定语从句修饰不定代词anything，关系代词要用that，第二空引导名词性从句——主语从句引导词在句子中作主语，故用whatever

2. 选B 此处考查非限制性定语从句，介词加关系代词的用法，此处表原因用for which=why, (in which=where, on which= when)

　　考点二：非限制性定语从句中的which

1. 解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词的用法,选项中只有which可指代前面一个句子,并引导从句;it虽然可代替前面句子,但不能起连接的作用,故答案为A。

2. 解析:引导非限制性定语从句时,which在从句中可以作宾语,指代主句的主语“The Science Museum”,而where只能作状语。故答案为A。

　　考点三：关系副词（尤其是where）

1. 解析:由于从句的主谓宾结构完整,只能选用状语,由先行词a situation可知,应选用作地点状语的where引导定语从句。故答案为D。

2. 解析:首先排除地点副词there;there不能引导从句,如果用there,后半句要改为and they plan to stay therefor two or three days。由先行词“Washington”可知从句的关系词表地点,并且stay缺少状语,所以应该用where连接主从句。故答案为A。

【从以上高考试题可以看出对于where引导的定语从句,先行词既可是明确的地点,也可是“模糊化的地点”。如表示某人 / 物的situation,或某事所发展的stage都可用where这个关系副词。】

　　考点四：关系代词whose

1. 解析:who和whom只可做定语从句的主语或宾语；whoever引导名词性从句；而A person作定语从句的先行词，从句中作主语的e-mail account缺少限定词，whose可充当名词的定语。故答案为C。

2. 解析:定语从句中作主语的roof缺少限定词,即定语,选择whose充当定语。而of which在这里无法与the roof搭配。故答案为A。

【在定语从句中,对于事物的所属关系,可以使用以下三种形式:whose + 名词,the + 名词 + ofwhich 或of which the + 名词。】

考点五：介词 + which或whom

1. 解析:该题从句谓语argued与介词about搭配表达“争论某事”,故答案为C。

2. 解析:此定语从句的先行词是thetop,从句的正常语序应该是:“A rare rainbow soon appeared ______ the top ofMount Qomolangma”。显然应该填上“above”,表示山顶上。所以用above which连接主从句。故答案为D。

【从以上句子可以看出,“介词+which / whom +定语从句”这一考点,既考查学生的定语从句知识,又可考查学生对动词短语的掌握。解此类题的关键是把先行词代入相关定语从句中,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配或与先行词的关系、或由句子表达的整体句意来确定。】