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定语从句口诀

校园1.35W

  定语从句口诀:

定语从句口诀

which指物who指人,

whom、which介后陈。

that/only序all最,

不定代词物与人。

that不用有逗号,

介词提前更无份。

介宾不省动宾省,

须做成分从句真。

  定语从句口诀解释:

  “which指物who指人”,就是在引导定语从句时,如果先行词(被定语从句所修饰的那个名词)是物或者事情,就用which来引导(当然用that也行),而如果先行词是人,就用who来引导(当然用that也行)。如:

This is the bookwhichmy father bought last year.这就是我爸爸去年买的那本书。which指物,即前面的the book,当然,that也行。

I still remember the boywhooften helps the old man.我还记得那个经常帮助那位老人的男孩。who指前面的先行词the boy,当然,用that也行。

“whom、which介后陈”,就是当引导词做定语从句中介词的宾语、并且介词又提到了引导词的前面时,就只能用whom或which来引导了。如:

The bookwhich/thatwe talkedaboutis new.我们谈论的那本书是新书。

在这个句子中,which或that指代的'是前面的the book,又同时作介词about的宾语,在介词about没有提前的情况下,which或that作从句中介词about的宾语是可以的。

The bookabout whichwe talked is new.我们谈论的那本书是新书。

此句中的介词about被提到了引导词which的前面,这时规定不可以再用that引导了,即“介词提前更无份”。

We all like the teacherwho/whom/thatwe learn a lotfrom.我们都喜欢我们从那里学到了很多知识的那名老师

 介词from没有提前,由于引导词who、whom和that指人,它们作介词from的宾语是可以的。

We all like the teacherfrom whomwe learn a lot.我们都喜欢我们从他那里学到了很多知识的老师。

在这个句子中,介词from已经被提到了前面,只能用whom引导,而不再能用who或that了。

“that/only序all最”,就是在先行词有了“only、序数词、all、最高级”修饰的情况下,只能用that引导,不可以用which。如:

Theonlydictionarythathe uses is lost.

He still remembers thefirstcellphonethatwas made in China.

Allthe booksthatwere printed last year sells well.

This is thebestcomputerthathe has ever used.

 “不定代词物与人”,“不定代词”,就是先行词是不定代词,“物与人”,就是先行词既有物又有人时,用that引导。如:

Everythingthathe thinks right is not right.

I didn’t likeanythingthathe proposed at the meeting.

I must pick upthe writer and his baggagethatwill arrive at the airport at five.

  以下是不能用that的情况:

“that不用有逗号,介词提前更无份”,就是在非限制性定语从句中,即定语从句与先行词之间有了逗号隔开了,就不能用that引导了。而一旦介词提到了前面,就更不用that了。如:

We invited the famous scientist,whois expert in biologic research.

HeavenTemple,whichdates backs to the Ming Dynasty, is well known all over the world.

The factoryinwhichwe worked last year is not far from our school.

  “介宾不去动宾去”,就是关系代词在引导定语从句时,如果做介词的宾语,并且在介词提前的情况下,不可以省略,而做动词的宾语时,就可以省去。如

We all like the teacherfrom whomwe learn a lot.此句中的whom是做介词from的宾语,不可以省去。

This is the book(which)my father bought last year.此句中的which是做动词bought的宾语,可以省去。

“须做成分从句真”,这句话最重要,是我们在做定语从句的习题时必须时刻注意的一点。也就是,定语从句的引导词,在定语从句中,都必须做一个成分,如果你的引导词不做成分了,这个定语从句就“不真”了,即有错误。

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