大学英语四级阅读理解题的解题技巧

大学英语四级的考试中，考生要掌握一些解题技巧来解答阅读理解题。为此本站小编为大家带来大学英语四级考试的阅读理解题的一些解题小技巧。

　　英语四级阅读理解题的解题技巧：细节事实题

这是四级英语阅读中数量最多、也最重要的一种题型，可以从下列几个方面把握：

1. 题型特点

根据文章中具体细节信息做出提问。细节事实题的考查内容和形式可以归纳为二种类型：

(1)According型：题干一般围绕5W和1H而展开。即who，what，where，when，why，how;

(2)隐含的事实和细节型：需要在读懂全文的基础上，综合概括作者展示的各种细节。

2. 标志

(1)题干中明确提到人名、地名、数字时间等细节性信息;

(2)往往针对文章中可以定位的一句话或几句话设计问题;

(3)题干和选项之间有时是因果关系。

3. 关键词

包括数字、时间、专有名词——如人名、地名、学科名词或带引号的词。

4. 命题模式

According to the passage / the author，who(what, where, which, when, why, how etc。)

5. 做题关键：准确定位、返回原文。

(1)根据题干中的明确关键词返回原文;

(2)根据题干中的重点词或其同义词(如名词、动词、形容词等)返回原文;

(3)根据原文中的特殊语言现象，要善于利用因果、类比、时间、空间的关系将零碎的细节组成一个逻辑分明的有机体。如转折词but、however、yet等定位。

6. 做题步骤

(1)根据段落中主题句的名词粗略确定段落内容方向; (2)利用题干提问的内容，大致定位对应的段落;

(3)利用题干中的重要信息词准确确定相关信息句，进行判断并确定细节题的正确答案。

7. 注意事项

干扰选项的特征：

(1) 正反混淆选项的内容和作者在原文中提到的信息相反。

(2) 偷换概念选项提到了原文的内容，但是却将原文对应部分中的另一个关键词或短语换成了意思不同的其他词汇。

(3) 无中生有就是说选项中出现了原文没有提到或推导不出的形容词或名词。

(4) 因果倒置选项中涉及的两部分之间的因果关系与原文所说的`因果关系正好相反，将原文的因换成了果或者将原文的果换成了因。

(5) 扩大范围将原文的特指(只适用于部分的情况)变为泛指(适用于全部的情况)。例如， 在选项中出现表示泛指的复数名词作主语时，要注意该名词在原文的范围。如果选项中所说的情况只适用于主语所指的一部分，那么这一选项就是干扰选项。注意，上述干扰选项的特征也适用于判断其他题型的干扰选项。

　　英语四级阅读理解题的解题技巧：作者态度(观点)题

1. 题型特点

态度题是四级英语阅读中的一种重要题型，主要考查对文章中作者态度的辨别。作者态度大致分为两种：(1)支持或赞同;(2)中立或客观;(3)怀疑、批评或反对。

2. 标志

题干中有attitude或think, believe，deem，consider，regard等词汇，选项中是一些表示态度的名词或形容词。

3. 关键词

可以反映作者观点的动词、形容词等。

4. 命题模式 作者态度题：

(1) The author is most critical of 。

(2) Which of the following can best describe the attitude of the author towards…? 作者观点题：

(1) What is the author’s idea about? (2) The author believes that 。

5. 做题关键、技巧

(1) 不要把自己的态度揉入其中，还要注意区分考查是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度。 (2) 当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用的具有褒贬含义的语言去判断作者的态度，如，wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。

(3) 某一事物是好是坏，作者对它是支持是反对，态度一般都很明确，而带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。问作者对某事物的态度时，表示“客观”的词多为正确选项，如objective, impartial, unbiased 等;问作者对文中提到的人物或他们的观点态度时，答案多是肯定或否定，支持或反对。如，critical, approval, opposed, supporting 等。

(4) 既然作者写了文章，他的态度就不可能是漠不关心的，因此见到indifferent, uninterested 可以首先排除。

6. 注意事项

解答态度观点题应注意以下几点： (1) 区别作者的态度与其他人的态度。

(2) 下列选项一般为干扰选项：indifferent(冷漠的)，subjective(主观的)，biased(有偏见的)，puzzling(令人感到迷惑的)。

　　英语四级阅读理解题型

According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-agecollege freshmen are ”more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.

Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.

Interest in teaching, social service and the“altruistic”fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.

That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-yearassociate degree.

While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions m be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying thediverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.

Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!

But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,”he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”

From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

1. According to the author’s observation, college students _______.

A. have never been so materialistic as today

B. have never been so interested in the arts

C. have never been so financially well off as today

D. have never attached so much importance to moral sense

2. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _______.

A. the influences of their instructors

B. the financial goals they seek in life

C. their own interpretations of the courses

D. their understanding of the contributions of others

3. By saying “While it’s true that ... be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _______.

A. business management should be included in educational programs

B. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed

C. human intellectual development has reached new heights

D. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked

4. Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.

A. create varying artistic interests

B. help people see things in their right perspective

C. help improve connections among people

D. regulate the behavior of modern people

5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.

B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.

C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.

D. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.

1.[A]事实细节题。根据第1段可知，根据调査，当今处于传统年龄的大学一年级的学生在17年来的民意测验中是“最追求物质享受、最自私的”，这与A所述相一致。

2.[B]事实细节题。根据第2段第1句指出现在大学生选择专业的目的是为了经济上的富裕，B中的financial goals对应文中的financial well off，故正确。

3.[D]句意理解题。本句首选强调Career职业的重要性，之后强啁我们也必须理解其他领域的知识，所以这句目的是强调全面教育的重要性，故D正确。

4.[B]事实细节题。根据第5段第2句：同样毋庸置疑的还有，学习他人的各种智慧时，我们也学会怎样去思考。句中how to think与B中的see things in…right perspective意思最为相反，故B正确。

5.[D]事实细节题。根据文章的第5至6段可知，作者认为罢工要求加薪等一些追求眼前利益的行为是目光短浅的，故D正确。

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