2015年考研英语真题大纲

Section I Use of English

Dnecclious:

Read thc following se the bcsl word(s) for each numbcred mark[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

In 1924 American' National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawhtore Plant near

Chicago It hoped they would learn how stop-floor Egnting __1__ workors productivity Instead，the studies ended__2__ giving their name to the“Hawhthome

effect”the extremely inflentlcel ldea the veey__3__to bemg expenmented upon changed subjects’behavior

The idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in the rdmg to __5__of the iy output rose when hghtmg WaS

also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__what was done in the expenment. __7__sometmg was uchnty rose A(n) __8__ that they

were bemg experimented upon seemed to be __9__t0 alterworkers' bchamor __10__ uself

After several decades，the salile data were __11__to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store j2一the descnpuons on record，no

systematic __13__was foundthat lcvcls of produchxnty wererelated to changes in lighting

It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the c~enments may be have let to __14__interpretation of what happed.__15__，tighring was always changed on

a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days __18__ , ，

a comparison with data for weeks whenthere was no expenmentation showed that output always went up On Monday, workers __19__to be duigent for the first few

days of the week in any case，before __21__a plateau and then slackening off This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect“is hard to ptn down

1.[A] affected [B]achieved [C]exlracted [D]restored

2[A]at [B]up [C]with [D]Off

3[A]Wuth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof

4.[A]conVoversial [B]perplexing [c]mischieous [D]ambiguous

5.[A]reqtttrents [B]cxplanalions [C]accounts [D]assements

6[A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]work

7[A]as faras [B]for fearthat [C]in casethat [D]so long as

8.[A]awarerre[B]expectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion

9.[A]suitale [B]excessive [C]enough [D]abundant

10.[A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by

11[A]compared [B]shown [C]subjected [D]conveyed

12.[A]contrary to [B]consistent with [C]parallel with [D]pealliar to

13.[A]evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source

14.[A]disputable [B]enlightening [C]retiable [D]wasleadmg

15.[A]In contast [B]For example [C]In consequence [D]As usual

16.[A]duly [B]accidentally [C]unpredictably [D]suddenly

17.[A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued

20.[A]breaking [B]chrnbing [C]surpassmg [D]hiting

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：

Read the following four er the questions below each text by choosing[A]，[B]，[C]or[D] your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)

Text 2

Over the past decade,thousands of patents have seen granled for what are called on com received one for its“one-click”online payment

systern Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation invenlor patented a tochnique for lying a box

Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial e,ver since they were first

authorized 10 years ago In a movethat has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal ctrcuit sald it would usea particular case tO

conduct a broad review of business-method patents. Inre Bijskl, as the case is known, is“a very big deal”， says Dermis'D Crouch of the University of Missoun

School of “has the potential to elinate an entire claof patmts”

Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite tha fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice。