2016中考英语知识点：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级

　　一.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成：

1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成

2.多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如：

原级 比较级 最高级

useful -- more useful -- most useful

difficult -- more difficult -- most difficult

delicious -- more delicious -- most delicious

3.有几个形容词、副词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化：

总结为“两好，两坏，两多，一少，一老，一远” 不规则。

注意： healthy--healthier----healthiest

friendly---friendlier---friendliest

crowded---more crowded---most crowded

　　二.形容词、副词比较级的用法

1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用：

Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。

Which book is better? 哪本书更好?

2.也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：

a. 名词或代词：

He is older than me / I .

他年龄比我大。

b. 动名词：

Skiing is more exciting than skating.

滑雪比滑冰更刺激。

c. 从句：

I was a better singer than he was.

我唱歌比他好。

句型1：as+形容词原形+as

This jacket is as beautiful as that one.

句型2. not as+形容词原形+as=not so+形容词原形+as

前者不及/不如 后者

This school is not as beautiful as that one.

表达前者不如后者还可以用： less +原级+than

This school is less beautiful than that one。

句型3 ：1)表示“是......的几倍时” ......倍数+as 原级as.......

This garden is ten times as large as that one。

这个花园是那个的九倍大。

倍数的表达：once ; twice ; three times; four times.......

2)表示“比...多几倍” 倍数 + 比较级+than ....

His garden is 9 times larger than that one.

他的花园比那个大九倍。

句型4 ：比较级+than any other+单数名词

“比其他的任何一个...”

He is taller than any other boy in his class.

句型5 ： the +比较级+of the two…(the twins.) “两个中较....” Amy is the shorter of the two girls.

句型6 ：(单音节)比较级 + and + 比较级”

(多音节)“more and more +原级”， 越来越……

better and better

fatter and fatter

more and more beautiful

句型7 ：the 比较级+句子， the 比较级+句子

越……， 越……。

The harder you study, the better grades you will get.

注意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：

My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。

　　三. 形容词、副词比较级的'修饰语

修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, any等.

只用于修饰比较级的： much; still; even

在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.

He can't jump any higher.

他不能跳得更高了.

Can he jump any higher?

他能跳得更高一些吗?

Do you feel any better today?

你今天感觉好一点了吗?

If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.

如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.

　　四.最高级的使用

(三者或三者以上) 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the,

句型1：the+最高级+ of /in

a. in 表示

“在…内(指某范围内)” 可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.

My mother is the busiest in my family

b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接

Jim works hardest of us all. Of the mountains , this is the highest.

句型2 ： One of+the+最高级+名词复数 “最……的……之一”

One of the most important languages is English.

最重要的语言之一是英语。

句型3 the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语 “

在……中是第几个……”

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

比较级中为了避免重复，常用one/that/those替代名词。 往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。

This pen is shorter than that one.

The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai.

The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.